Journal Articles
2018
Mora Segura Ángel, Juan Lara, Patrick Neubauer, Manuel Wimmer
Automated modelling assistance by integrating heterogeneous information sources Journal Article
In: Computer Languages, Systems & Structures, vol. 53, pp. 90-120, 2018, ISSN: 1477-8424.
@article{Angel2018,
title = {Automated modelling assistance by integrating heterogeneous information sources},
author = {Mora Segura Ángel and Juan Lara and Patrick Neubauer and Manuel Wimmer},
doi = {10.1016/j.cl.2018.02.002},
issn = {1477-8424},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-00-00},
journal = {Computer Languages, Systems & Structures},
volume = {53},
pages = {90-120},
abstract = {Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) uses models as its main assets in the software development process. The structure of a model is described through a meta-model. Even though modelling and meta-modelling are recurrent activities in MDE and a vast amount of MDE tools exist nowadays, they are tasks typically performed in an unassisted way. Usually, these tools cannot extract useful knowledge available in heterogeneous information sources like XML, RDF, CSV or other models and meta-models. We propose an approach to provide modelling and meta-modelling assistance. The approach gathers heterogeneous information sources in various technological spaces, and represents them uniformly in a common data model. This enables their uniform querying, by means of an extensible mechanism, which can make use of services, e.g., for synonym search and word sense analysis. The query results can then be easily incorporated into the (meta-)model being built. The approach has been realized in the Extremo tool, developed as an Eclipse plugin. Extremo has been validated in the context of two domains – production systems and process modelling – taking into account a large and complex industrial standard for classification and product description. Further validation results indicate that the integration of Extremo in various modelling environments can be achieved with low effort, and that the tool is able to handle information from most existing technological spaces.},
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Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) uses models as its main assets in the software development process. The structure of a model is described through a meta-model. Even though modelling and meta-modelling are recurrent activities in MDE and a vast amount of MDE tools exist nowadays, they are tasks typically performed in an unassisted way. Usually, these tools cannot extract useful knowledge available in heterogeneous information sources like XML, RDF, CSV or other models and meta-models. We propose an approach to provide modelling and meta-modelling assistance. The approach gathers heterogeneous information sources in various technological spaces, and represents them uniformly in a common data model. This enables their uniform querying, by means of an extensible mechanism, which can make use of services, e.g., for synonym search and word sense analysis. The query results can then be easily incorporated into the (meta-)model being built. The approach has been realized in the Extremo tool, developed as an Eclipse plugin. Extremo has been validated in the context of two domains – production systems and process modelling – taking into account a large and complex industrial standard for classification and product description. Further validation results indicate that the integration of Extremo in various modelling environments can be achieved with low effort, and that the tool is able to handle information from most existing technological spaces.
2017
Alexander Bergmayr, Uwe Breitenbücher, Nicolas Ferry, Alessandro Rossini, Anor Solberg, Manuel Wimmer, Gerti Kappel, Frank Leymann
A Systematic Review of Cloud Modeling Languages Journal Article
In: ACM Computing Surveys, pp. 1-39, 2017.
@article{Leymann01.1,
title = {A Systematic Review of Cloud Modeling Languages},
author = {Alexander Bergmayr and Uwe Breitenbücher and Nicolas Ferry and Alessandro Rossini and Anor Solberg and Manuel Wimmer and Gerti Kappel and Frank Leymann},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3150227},
doi = {10.1145/3150227},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-11-20},
urldate = {2017-11-20},
journal = {ACM Computing Surveys},
pages = {1-39},
abstract = {Modern cloud computing environments support a relatively high degree of automation in service provisioning, which allows cloud service customers (CSCs) to dynamically acquire services required for deploying cloud applications. Cloud modeling languages (CMLs) have been proposed to address the diversity of features provided by cloud computing environments and support different application scenarios, such as migrating existing applications to the cloud, developing new cloud applications, or optimizing them. There is, however, still much debate in the research community on what a CML is, and what aspects of a cloud application and its target cloud computing environment should be modeled by a CML. Furthermore, the distinction between CMLs on a fine-grain level exposing their modeling concepts is rarely made. In this article, we investigate the diverse features currently provided by existing CMLs. We classify and compare them according to a common framework with the goal to support CSCs in selecting the CML that fits the needs of their application scenario and setting. As a result, not only features of existing CMLs are pointed out for which extensive support is already provided but also in which existing CMLs are deficient, thereby suggesting a research agenda.},
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Modern cloud computing environments support a relatively high degree of automation in service provisioning, which allows cloud service customers (CSCs) to dynamically acquire services required for deploying cloud applications. Cloud modeling languages (CMLs) have been proposed to address the diversity of features provided by cloud computing environments and support different application scenarios, such as migrating existing applications to the cloud, developing new cloud applications, or optimizing them. There is, however, still much debate in the research community on what a CML is, and what aspects of a cloud application and its target cloud computing environment should be modeled by a CML. Furthermore, the distinction between CMLs on a fine-grain level exposing their modeling concepts is rarely made. In this article, we investigate the diverse features currently provided by existing CMLs. We classify and compare them according to a common framework with the goal to support CSCs in selecting the CML that fits the needs of their application scenario and setting. As a result, not only features of existing CMLs are pointed out for which extensive support is already provided but also in which existing CMLs are deficient, thereby suggesting a research agenda.
Robert Bill, Martin Fleck, Javier Troya, Tanja Mayerhofer, Manuel Wimmer
A Local and Global Tour on MOMoT Journal Article
In: Journal of Software and Systems Modeling, 2017.
@article{Wimmer11.1,
title = {A Local and Global Tour on MOMoT},
author = {Robert Bill and Martin Fleck and Javier Troya and Tanja Mayerhofer and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10270-017-0644-3},
doi = {10.1007/s10270-017-0644-3},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-11-20},
urldate = {2017-11-20},
journal = {Journal of Software and Systems Modeling},
abstract = {Many model transformation scenarios require flexible execution strategies as they should produce models with the highest possible quality. At the same time, transformation problems often span a very large search space with respect to possible transformation results. Recently, different proposals for finding good transformation results without enumerating the complete search space have been proposed by using meta-heuristic search algorithms. However, determining the impact of the different kinds of search algorithms, such as local search or global search, on the transformation results is still an open research topic. In this paper, we present an extension to MOMoT, which is a search-based model transformation tool, for supporting not only global searchers for model transformation orchestrations, but also local ones. This leads to a model transformation framework that allows as the first of its kind multi-objective local and global search. By this, the advantages and disadvantages of global and local search for model transformation orchestration can be evaluated. This is done in a case-study-based evaluation, which compares different performance aspects of the local- and global-search algorithms available in MOMoT. Several interesting conclusions have been drawn from the evaluation: (1) local-search algorithms perform reasonable well with respect to both the search exploration and the execution time for small input models, (2) for bigger input models, their execution time can be similar to those of global-search algorithms, but global-search algorithms tend to outperform local-search algorithms in terms of search exploration, (3) evolutionary algorithms show limitations in situations where single changes of the solution can have a significant impact on the solution’s fitness.},
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Many model transformation scenarios require flexible execution strategies as they should produce models with the highest possible quality. At the same time, transformation problems often span a very large search space with respect to possible transformation results. Recently, different proposals for finding good transformation results without enumerating the complete search space have been proposed by using meta-heuristic search algorithms. However, determining the impact of the different kinds of search algorithms, such as local search or global search, on the transformation results is still an open research topic. In this paper, we present an extension to MOMoT, which is a search-based model transformation tool, for supporting not only global searchers for model transformation orchestrations, but also local ones. This leads to a model transformation framework that allows as the first of its kind multi-objective local and global search. By this, the advantages and disadvantages of global and local search for model transformation orchestration can be evaluated. This is done in a case-study-based evaluation, which compares different performance aspects of the local- and global-search algorithms available in MOMoT. Several interesting conclusions have been drawn from the evaluation: (1) local-search algorithms perform reasonable well with respect to both the search exploration and the execution time for small input models, (2) for bigger input models, their execution time can be similar to those of global-search algorithms, but global-search algorithms tend to outperform local-search algorithms in terms of search exploration, (3) evolutionary algorithms show limitations in situations where single changes of the solution can have a significant impact on the solution’s fitness.
Hugo Bruneliere, Erik Burger, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer
A feature-based survey of model view approaches Journal Article
In: Journal of Software and Systems Modeling, pp. 1-22, 2017.
@article{Wimmer2017,
title = {A feature-based survey of model view approaches},
author = {Hugo Bruneliere and Erik Burger and Jordi Cabot and Manuel Wimmer},
doi = {10.1007/s10270-017-0622-9},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-15},
urldate = {2017-09-15},
journal = {Journal of Software and Systems Modeling},
pages = {1-22},
abstract = {When dealing with complex systems, information is very often fragmented across many different models expressed within a variety of (modeling) languages. To provide the relevant information in an appropriate way to different kinds of stakeholders, (parts of) such models have to be combined and potentially revamped by focusing on concerns of particular interest for them. Thus, mechanisms to define and compute views over models are highly needed. Several approaches have already been proposed to provide (semi)automated support for dealing with such model views. This paper provides a detailed overview of the current state of the art in this area. To achieve this, we relied on our own experiences of designing and applying such solutions in order to conduct a literature review on this topic. As a result, we discuss the main capabilities of existing approaches and propose a corresponding research agenda. We notably contribute a feature model describing what we believe to be the most important characteristics of the support for views on models. We expect this work to be helpful to both current and potential future users and developers of model view techniques, as well as to any person generally interested in model-based software and systems engineering.},
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When dealing with complex systems, information is very often fragmented across many different models expressed within a variety of (modeling) languages. To provide the relevant information in an appropriate way to different kinds of stakeholders, (parts of) such models have to be combined and potentially revamped by focusing on concerns of particular interest for them. Thus, mechanisms to define and compute views over models are highly needed. Several approaches have already been proposed to provide (semi)automated support for dealing with such model views. This paper provides a detailed overview of the current state of the art in this area. To achieve this, we relied on our own experiences of designing and applying such solutions in order to conduct a literature review on this topic. As a result, we discuss the main capabilities of existing approaches and propose a corresponding research agenda. We notably contribute a feature model describing what we believe to be the most important characteristics of the support for views on models. We expect this work to be helpful to both current and potential future users and developers of model view techniques, as well as to any person generally interested in model-based software and systems engineering.
Usman Mansoor, Marouane Kessentini, Manuel Wimmer, Kalyanmoy Deb
Multi-view refactoring of class and activity diagrams using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm Journal Article
In: Journal of Software Quality Journal, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 473-501, 2017, ISSN: 1573-1367.
@article{Mansoor2017mvr,
title = {Multi-view refactoring of class and activity diagrams using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm},
author = {Usman Mansoor and Marouane Kessentini and Manuel Wimmer and Kalyanmoy Deb},
doi = {10.1007/s11219-015-9284-4},
issn = {1573-1367},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-06-01},
urldate = {2017-06-01},
journal = {Journal of Software Quality Journal},
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {473-501},
abstract = {To improve the quality of software systems, one of the widely used techniques is refactoring defined as the process of improving the design of an existing system by changing its internal structure without altering the external behavior. The majority of existing refactoring work focuses mainly on the source code level. The suggestion of refactorings at the model level is more challenging due to the difficulty to evaluate: (a) the impact of the suggested refactorings applied to a diagram on other related diagrams to improve the overall system quality, (b) their feasibility, and (c) interdiagram consistency. We propose, in this paper, a novel framework that enables software designers to apply refactoring at the model level. To this end, we used a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to find a trade-off between improving the quality of class and activity diagrams. The proposed multi-objective approach provides a multi-view for software designers to evaluate the impact of suggested refactorings applied to class diagrams on related activity diagrams in order to evaluate the overall quality, and check their feasibility and behavior preservation. The statistical evaluation performed on models extracted from four open-source systems confirms the efficiency of our approach.},
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To improve the quality of software systems, one of the widely used techniques is refactoring defined as the process of improving the design of an existing system by changing its internal structure without altering the external behavior. The majority of existing refactoring work focuses mainly on the source code level. The suggestion of refactorings at the model level is more challenging due to the difficulty to evaluate: (a) the impact of the suggested refactorings applied to a diagram on other related diagrams to improve the overall system quality, (b) their feasibility, and (c) interdiagram consistency. We propose, in this paper, a novel framework that enables software designers to apply refactoring at the model level. To this end, we used a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to find a trade-off between improving the quality of class and activity diagrams. The proposed multi-objective approach provides a multi-view for software designers to evaluate the impact of suggested refactorings applied to class diagrams on related activity diagrams in order to evaluate the overall quality, and check their feasibility and behavior preservation. The statistical evaluation performed on models extracted from four open-source systems confirms the efficiency of our approach.
Marouane Kessentini, Manuel Wimmer
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Computational Intelligence for Software Engineering and Services Computing Journal Article
In: Journal of IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 143-144, 2017, ISSN: 2471-285X.
@article{Kessentini2017gesi,
title = {Guest Editorial Special Issue on Computational Intelligence for Software Engineering and Services Computing},
author = {Marouane Kessentini and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7935486},
doi = {10.1109/TETCI.2017.2700659},
issn = {2471-285X},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-05-29},
urldate = {2017-05-29},
booktitle = {IEEE Trans. Emerging Topics in Comput. Intellig.},
journal = {Journal of IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence},
volume = {1},
number = {3},
pages = {143-144},
abstract = {The papers in this special section focus on computational intelligence for software engineering and services computing. Recently, there has been an increasing demand for complex systems in distributed and mobile environments. The development of these complex software systems is challenging, especially while dealing with dynamic, imprecise and uncertain information and environments. In the recent years, an emerging paradigm is to focus on the investigation and integration of computational intelligence tools into current software development practices to address the growing complexity of software systems and improving their robustness. This emerging paradigm uses various techniques from the computational intelligence literature (e.g., knowledge-transfer and data-driven search, fuzzy logic, machine learning, evolutionary computation, etc.) to address problems related to requirements engineering, services computing, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), quality of services, software testing, model-driven engineering, etc.},
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The papers in this special section focus on computational intelligence for software engineering and services computing. Recently, there has been an increasing demand for complex systems in distributed and mobile environments. The development of these complex software systems is challenging, especially while dealing with dynamic, imprecise and uncertain information and environments. In the recent years, an emerging paradigm is to focus on the investigation and integration of computational intelligence tools into current software development practices to address the growing complexity of software systems and improving their robustness. This emerging paradigm uses various techniques from the computational intelligence literature (e.g., knowledge-transfer and data-driven search, fuzzy logic, machine learning, evolutionary computation, etc.) to address problems related to requirements engineering, services computing, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), quality of services, software testing, model-driven engineering, etc.
Erwan Bousse, Dorian Leroy, Benoit Combemale, Manuel Wimmer, Benoit Baudry
Omniscient debugging for executable DSLs Journal Article
In: Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 137, pp. 261-288, 2017, ISSN: 0164-1212.
@article{Bousse2017od,
title = {Omniscient debugging for executable DSLs},
author = {Erwan Bousse and Dorian Leroy and Benoit Combemale and Manuel Wimmer and Benoit Baudry},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0164121217302765?via%3Dihub},
doi = {10.1016/j.jss.2017.11.025},
issn = {0164-1212},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
volume = {137},
pages = {261-288},
abstract = {Omniscient debugging is a promising technique that relies on execution traces to enable free traversal of the states reached by a model (or program) during an execution. While a few General-Purpose Languages (GPLs) already have support for omniscient debugging, developing such a complex tool for any executable Domain Specific Language (DSL) remains a challenging and error prone task. A generic solution must: support a wide range of executable DSLs independently of the metaprogramming approaches used for implementing their semantics; be efficient for good responsiveness. Our contribution relies on a generic omniscient debugger supported by efficient generic trace management facilities. To support a wide range of executable DSLs, the debugger provides a common set of debugging facilities, and is based on a pattern to define runtime services independently of metaprogramming approaches. Results show that our debugger can be used with various executable DSLs implemented with different metaprogramming approaches. As compared to a solution that copies the model at each step, it is on average sixtimes more efficient in memory, and at least 2.2 faster when exploring past execution states, while only slowing down the execution 1.6 times on average.},
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Omniscient debugging is a promising technique that relies on execution traces to enable free traversal of the states reached by a model (or program) during an execution. While a few General-Purpose Languages (GPLs) already have support for omniscient debugging, developing such a complex tool for any executable Domain Specific Language (DSL) remains a challenging and error prone task. A generic solution must: support a wide range of executable DSLs independently of the metaprogramming approaches used for implementing their semantics; be efficient for good responsiveness. Our contribution relies on a generic omniscient debugger supported by efficient generic trace management facilities. To support a wide range of executable DSLs, the debugger provides a common set of debugging facilities, and is based on a pattern to define runtime services independently of metaprogramming approaches. Results show that our debugger can be used with various executable DSLs implemented with different metaprogramming approaches. As compared to a solution that copies the model at each step, it is on average sixtimes more efficient in memory, and at least 2.2 faster when exploring past execution states, while only slowing down the execution 1.6 times on average.
Tanja Mayerhofer, Manuel Wimmer, Luca Berardinelli, Rainer Drath
A Model-Driven Engineering Workbench for CAEX Supporting Language Customization and Evolution Journal Article
In: Journal of IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2017, ISSN: 1551-3203.
@article{Mayerhofer2017mdew,
title = {A Model-Driven Engineering Workbench for CAEX Supporting Language Customization and Evolution},
author = {Tanja Mayerhofer and Manuel Wimmer and Luca Berardinelli and Rainer Drath},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8239624},
doi = {10.1109/TII.2017.2786780},
issn = {1551-3203},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Journal of IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics},
abstract = {Computer Aided Engineering Exchange (CAEX) is one of the most promising standards when it comes to data exchange between engineering tools in the production system automation domain. This is also reflected by the current emergence of AutomationML (AML), which uses CAEX as its core representation language. However, with the increasing use of CAEX, important language engineering challenges arise. One of these challenges is the customization of CAEX for its usage in superior standards, such as AML, which requires the precise specification of the language including the formalization and validation of additional usage rules. Another highly topical challenge is the ongoing evolution of CAEX as has recently happened with the transition from version 2.15 to version 3.0. Further challenges include the provisioning of editing facilities and visualizations of CAEX documents such that they can be inspected and modified by engineers, and the development of transformations from and to CAEX such that different engineering artifacts can be exchanged via CAEX. In this paper, we take a language engineering point of view and present a model-driven engineering (MDE) workbench for CAEX that allows to address these and other challenges. In particular, we present how CAEX can be formulated in a model-based framework, which allows the application of MDE techniques, such as model validation, migration, editing, visualization, and transformation techniques, to solve a diverse set of language engineering challenges experienced for CAEX. We give an overview of the developed workbench and illustrate its benefits with a focus on customizing CAEX for AML and evolving CAEX documents from version 2.15 to 3.0.},
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Computer Aided Engineering Exchange (CAEX) is one of the most promising standards when it comes to data exchange between engineering tools in the production system automation domain. This is also reflected by the current emergence of AutomationML (AML), which uses CAEX as its core representation language. However, with the increasing use of CAEX, important language engineering challenges arise. One of these challenges is the customization of CAEX for its usage in superior standards, such as AML, which requires the precise specification of the language including the formalization and validation of additional usage rules. Another highly topical challenge is the ongoing evolution of CAEX as has recently happened with the transition from version 2.15 to version 3.0. Further challenges include the provisioning of editing facilities and visualizations of CAEX documents such that they can be inspected and modified by engineers, and the development of transformations from and to CAEX such that different engineering artifacts can be exchanged via CAEX. In this paper, we take a language engineering point of view and present a model-driven engineering (MDE) workbench for CAEX that allows to address these and other challenges. In particular, we present how CAEX can be formulated in a model-based framework, which allows the application of MDE techniques, such as model validation, migration, editing, visualization, and transformation techniques, to solve a diverse set of language engineering challenges experienced for CAEX. We give an overview of the developed workbench and illustrate its benefits with a focus on customizing CAEX for AML and evolving CAEX documents from version 2.15 to 3.0.
Martin Fleck, Javier Troya, Marouane Kessentini, Manuel Wimmer, Bader Alkhazi
Model Transformation Modularization as a Many-Objective Optimization Problem Journal Article
In: Journal of IEEE Transactions Software Engineering, vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 1009-1032, 2017.
@article{DBLP:journals/tse/FleckTKWA17,
title = {Model Transformation Modularization as a Many-Objective Optimization Problem},
author = {Martin Fleck and Javier Troya and Marouane Kessentini and Manuel Wimmer and Bader Alkhazi},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2017.2654255},
doi = {10.1109/TSE.2017.2654255},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Journal of IEEE Transactions Software Engineering},
volume = {43},
number = {11},
pages = {1009-1032},
abstract = {Model transformation programs are iteratively refined, restructured, and evolved due to many reasons such as fixing bugs and adapting existing transformation rules to new metamodels version. Thus, modular design is a desirable property for model transformations as it can significantly improve their evolution, comprehensibility, maintainability, reusability, and thus, their overall quality. Although language support for modularization of model transformations is emerging, model transformations are created as monolithic artifacts containing a huge number of rules. To the best of our knowledge, the problem of automatically modularizing model transformation programs was not addressed before in the current literature. These programs written in transformation languages, such as ATL, are implemented as one main module including a huge number of rules. To tackle this problem and improve the quality and maintainability of model transformation programs, we propose an automated search-based approach to modularize model transformations based on higher-order transformations. Their application and execution is guided by our search framework which combines an in-place transformation engine and a search-based algorithm framework. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by using ATL as concrete transformation language and NSGA-III as search algorithm to find a trade-off between different well-known conflicting design metrics for the fitness functions to evaluate the generated modularized solutions. To validate our approach, we apply it to a comprehensive dataset of model transformations. As the study shows, ATL transformations can be modularized automatically, efficiently, and effectively by our approach. We found that, on average, the majority of recommended modules, for all the ATL programs, by NSGA-III are considered correct with more than 84 percent of precision and 86 percent of recall when compared to manual solutions provided by active developers. The statistical analy...},
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Model transformation programs are iteratively refined, restructured, and evolved due to many reasons such as fixing bugs and adapting existing transformation rules to new metamodels version. Thus, modular design is a desirable property for model transformations as it can significantly improve their evolution, comprehensibility, maintainability, reusability, and thus, their overall quality. Although language support for modularization of model transformations is emerging, model transformations are created as monolithic artifacts containing a huge number of rules. To the best of our knowledge, the problem of automatically modularizing model transformation programs was not addressed before in the current literature. These programs written in transformation languages, such as ATL, are implemented as one main module including a huge number of rules. To tackle this problem and improve the quality and maintainability of model transformation programs, we propose an automated search-based approach to modularize model transformations based on higher-order transformations. Their application and execution is guided by our search framework which combines an in-place transformation engine and a search-based algorithm framework. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by using ATL as concrete transformation language and NSGA-III as search algorithm to find a trade-off between different well-known conflicting design metrics for the fitness functions to evaluate the generated modularized solutions. To validate our approach, we apply it to a comprehensive dataset of model transformations. As the study shows, ATL transformations can be modularized automatically, efficiently, and effectively by our approach. We found that, on average, the majority of recommended modules, for all the ATL programs, by NSGA-III are considered correct with more than 84 percent of precision and 86 percent of recall when compared to manual solutions provided by active developers. The statistical analy...
Inproceedings
2020
Xavier Franch, Norbert Seyff, Marc Oriol, Samuel Fricker, Iris Groher, Michael Vierhauser, Manuel Wimmer
Towards Integrating Data-Driven Requirements Engineering into the Software Development Process: A Vision Paper Proceedings Article
In: Madhavji, Nazim H.; Pasquale, Liliana; Ferrari, Alessio; Gnesi, Stefania (Ed.): 26th International Working Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality, REFSQ 2020, Pisa, Italy, March 24-27, 2020, was postponed, pp. 135-142, Springer, 2020.
@inproceedings{FranchSOFGVW20,
title = {Towards Integrating Data-Driven Requirements Engineering into the Software Development Process: A Vision Paper},
author = {Xavier Franch and Norbert Seyff and Marc Oriol and Samuel Fricker and Iris Groher and Michael Vierhauser and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Nazim H. Madhavji and Liliana Pasquale and Alessio Ferrari and Stefania Gnesi},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44429-7_10},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-44429-7_10},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-06-10},
booktitle = {26th International Working Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality, REFSQ 2020, Pisa, Italy, March 24-27, 2020, was postponed},
volume = {12045},
pages = {135-142},
publisher = {Springer},
series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
abstract = {[Context and motivation] Modern software engineering processes have shifted from traditional upfront requirements engineering (RE) to a more continuous way of conducting RE, particularly including data-driven approaches. [Question/problem] However, current research on data-driven RE focuses more on leveraging certain techniques such as natural language processing or machine learning than on making the concept fit for facilitating its use in the entire software development process. [Principal ideas/results] In this paper, we propose a research agenda composed of six distinct research directions. These include a data-driven RE infrastructure, embracing data heterogeneity, context-aware adaptation, data analysis and decision support, privacy and confidentiality, and finally process integration. Each of these directions addresses challenges that impede the broader use of data-driven RE. [Contribution] For researchers, our research agenda provides topics relevant to investigate. For practitioners, overcoming the underlying challenges with the help of the proposed research will allow to adopt a data-driven RE approach and facilitate its seamless integration into modern software engineering. For users, the proposed research will enable the transparency, control, and security needed to trust software systems and software providers.},
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[Context and motivation] Modern software engineering processes have shifted from traditional upfront requirements engineering (RE) to a more continuous way of conducting RE, particularly including data-driven approaches. [Question/problem] However, current research on data-driven RE focuses more on leveraging certain techniques such as natural language processing or machine learning than on making the concept fit for facilitating its use in the entire software development process. [Principal ideas/results] In this paper, we propose a research agenda composed of six distinct research directions. These include a data-driven RE infrastructure, embracing data heterogeneity, context-aware adaptation, data analysis and decision support, privacy and confidentiality, and finally process integration. Each of these directions addresses challenges that impede the broader use of data-driven RE. [Contribution] For researchers, our research agenda provides topics relevant to investigate. For practitioners, overcoming the underlying challenges with the help of the proposed research will allow to adopt a data-driven RE approach and facilitate its seamless integration into modern software engineering. For users, the proposed research will enable the transparency, control, and security needed to trust software systems and software providers.
Stefan John, Alexandru Burdusel, Robert Bill, Daniel Strüber, Gabriele Taentzer, Steffen Zschaler, Manuel Wimmer
Searching for Optimal Models: Comparing Two Encoding Approaches Proceedings Article
In: Felderer, Michael; Hasselbring, Wilhelm; Rabiser, Rick; Jung, Reiner (Ed.): Software Engineering 2020, Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, 24.-28. Februar 2020, Innsbruck, Austria, pp. 101-103, Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., 2020.
@inproceedings{0001BB0TZW20,
title = {Searching for Optimal Models: Comparing Two Encoding Approaches},
author = {Stefan John and Alexandru Burdusel and Robert Bill and Daniel Strüber and Gabriele Taentzer and Steffen Zschaler and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Michael Felderer and Wilhelm Hasselbring and Rick Rabiser and Reiner Jung},
url = {https://doi.org/10.18420/SE2020_30},
doi = {10.18420/SE2020_30},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-06},
booktitle = {Software Engineering 2020, Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, 24.-28. Februar 2020, Innsbruck, Austria},
volume = {P-300},
pages = {101-103},
publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},
series = {LNI},
abstract = {Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE) is about solving software development problems by formulating them as optimisation problems. In the last years, combining SBSE and Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where models and model transformations are treated as key artifacts in the development of complex systems, has become increasingly popular. While search-based techniques have often successfully been applied to tackle MDE problems, a recent line of research investigates how a model-driven design can make optimisation more easily accessible to a wider audience. In previous model-driven optimisation efforts, a major design decision concerns the way in which solutions are encoded. Two main options have been explored: a model-based encoding representing candidate solutions as models, and a rule-based encoding representing them as sequences of transformation rule applications. While both encodings have been applied to different use cases, no study has yet compared them systematically. To close this gap, we evaluate both approaches on a common set of optimization problems, investigating their impact on the optimization performance. Additionally, we discuss their differences, strengths, and weaknesses laying the foundation for a knowledgeable choice of the right encoding for the right problem.},
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Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE) is about solving software development problems by formulating them as optimisation problems. In the last years, combining SBSE and Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where models and model transformations are treated as key artifacts in the development of complex systems, has become increasingly popular. While search-based techniques have often successfully been applied to tackle MDE problems, a recent line of research investigates how a model-driven design can make optimisation more easily accessible to a wider audience. In previous model-driven optimisation efforts, a major design decision concerns the way in which solutions are encoded. Two main options have been explored: a model-based encoding representing candidate solutions as models, and a rule-based encoding representing them as sequences of transformation rule applications. While both encodings have been applied to different use cases, no study has yet compared them systematically. To close this gap, we evaluate both approaches on a common set of optimization problems, investigating their impact on the optimization performance. Additionally, we discuss their differences, strengths, and weaknesses laying the foundation for a knowledgeable choice of the right encoding for the right problem.
Stefan Feldmann, Konstantin Kernschmidt, Manuel Wimmer, Birgit Vogel-Heuser
Managing Inter-Model Inconsistencies in Model-based Systems Engineering Proceedings Article
In: Felderer, Michael; Hasselbring, Wilhelm; Rabiser, Rick; Jung, Reiner (Ed.): Software Engineering 2020, Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, 24.-28. Februar 2020, Innsbruck, Austria, pp. 99-100, Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., 2020.
@inproceedings{FeldmannKMV20,
title = {Managing Inter-Model Inconsistencies in Model-based Systems Engineering},
author = {Stefan Feldmann and Konstantin Kernschmidt and Manuel Wimmer and Birgit Vogel-Heuser},
editor = {Michael Felderer and Wilhelm Hasselbring and Rick Rabiser and Reiner Jung},
url = {https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/31706},
doi = {10.18420/SE2020_29},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-06},
booktitle = {Software Engineering 2020, Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, 24.-28. Februar 2020, Innsbruck, Austria},
volume = {300},
pages = {99-100},
publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},
abstract = {This work summarizes our paper [Fe19] originally published in the Journal of Systems and Software in 2019 about a model-based inconsistency management approach.},
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This work summarizes our paper [Fe19] originally published in the Journal of Systems and Software in 2019 about a model-based inconsistency management approach.
Benoît Combemale, Manuel Wimmer
Towards a Model-Based DevOps for Cyber-Physical Systems Proceedings Article
In: Bruel, Jean-Michel; Mazzara, Manuel; Meyer, Bertrand (Ed.): Software Engineering Aspects of Continuous Development and New Paradigms of Software Production and Deployment - Second International Workshop, DEVOPS 2019, Château de Villebrumier, France, May 6-8, 2019, Revised Selected Papers, pp. 84-94, Springer, 2020.
@inproceedings{CombemaleW19,
title = {Towards a Model-Based DevOps for Cyber-Physical Systems},
author = {Benoît Combemale and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Jean-Michel Bruel and Manuel Mazzara and Bertrand Meyer},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39306-9_6},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-39306-9_6},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-21},
booktitle = {Software Engineering Aspects of Continuous Development and New Paradigms of Software Production and Deployment - Second International Workshop, DEVOPS 2019, Château de Villebrumier, France, May 6-8, 2019, Revised Selected Papers},
volume = {12055},
pages = {84-94},
publisher = {Springer},
series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
abstract = {The emerging field of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) calls for new scenarios of the use of models. In particular, CPS require to support both the integration of physical and cyber parts in innovative complex systems or production chains, together with the management of the data gathered from the environment to drive dynamic reconfiguration at runtime or finding improved designs. In such a context, the engineering of CPS must rely on models to uniformly reason about various heterogeneous concerns all along the system life cycle. In the last decades, the use of models has been intensively investigated both at design time for driving the development of complex systems, and at runtime as a reasoning layer to support deployment, monitoring and runtime adaptations. However, the approaches remain mostly independent. With the advent of DevOps principles, the engineering of CPS would benefit from supporting a smooth continuum of models from design to runtime, and vice versa. In this vision paper, we introduce a vision for supporting model-based DevOps practices, and we infer the corresponding research roadmap for the modeling community to address this vision by discussing a CPS demonstrator.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The emerging field of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) calls for new scenarios of the use of models. In particular, CPS require to support both the integration of physical and cyber parts in innovative complex systems or production chains, together with the management of the data gathered from the environment to drive dynamic reconfiguration at runtime or finding improved designs. In such a context, the engineering of CPS must rely on models to uniformly reason about various heterogeneous concerns all along the system life cycle. In the last decades, the use of models has been intensively investigated both at design time for driving the development of complex systems, and at runtime as a reasoning layer to support deployment, monitoring and runtime adaptations. However, the approaches remain mostly independent. With the advent of DevOps principles, the engineering of CPS would benefit from supporting a smooth continuum of models from design to runtime, and vice versa. In this vision paper, we introduce a vision for supporting model-based DevOps practices, and we infer the corresponding research roadmap for the modeling community to address this vision by discussing a CPS demonstrator.
2019
Patrick Neubauer, Robert Bill, Dimitris S. Kolovos, Richard F. Paige, Manuel Wimmer
Reusable Textual Notations for Domain-Specific Languages Proceedings Article
In: Brucker, Achim D.; Daniel, Gwendal; Jouault, Frédéric (Ed.): 19th International Workshop in OCL and Textual Modeling (OCL 2019) co-located with IEEE/ACM 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2019), Munich, Germany, September 16, 2019, pp. 67-80, CEUR-WS.org, 2019.
@inproceedings{NeubauerBKPW19,
title = {Reusable Textual Notations for Domain-Specific Languages},
author = {Patrick Neubauer and Robert Bill and Dimitris S. Kolovos and Richard F. Paige and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Achim D. Brucker and Gwendal Daniel and Frédéric Jouault},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2513/paper6.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-12-31},
booktitle = {19th International Workshop in OCL and Textual Modeling (OCL 2019) co-located with IEEE/ACM 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2019), Munich, Germany, September 16, 2019},
volume = {2513},
pages = {67-80},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
abstract = {Domain-specific languages enable concise and precise formalization of domain concepts and promote direct employment by domain experts. Therefore, syntactic constructs are introduced to empower users to associate concepts and relationships with visual textual symbols. Model-based language engineering facilitates the description of concepts and relationships in an abstract manner. However, concrete representations are commonly attached to abstract do-main representations, such as annotations in metamodels, or directly encoded into language grammar and thus introduce redundancy between metamodel elements and grammar elements. In this work, we propose an approach that enables autonomous development and maintenance of domain concepts and textual language notations in a distinctive and metamodel-agnostic manner by employing style models containing grammar rule templates and injection-based property selection. We provide an implementation and showcase the proposed notation-specification language in a comparison with state of the art practices during the creation of notations for an executable domain-specific modeling language based on the Eclipse Modeling Framework and Xtext.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Domain-specific languages enable concise and precise formalization of domain concepts and promote direct employment by domain experts. Therefore, syntactic constructs are introduced to empower users to associate concepts and relationships with visual textual symbols. Model-based language engineering facilitates the description of concepts and relationships in an abstract manner. However, concrete representations are commonly attached to abstract do-main representations, such as annotations in metamodels, or directly encoded into language grammar and thus introduce redundancy between metamodel elements and grammar elements. In this work, we propose an approach that enables autonomous development and maintenance of domain concepts and textual language notations in a distinctive and metamodel-agnostic manner by employing style models containing grammar rule templates and injection-based property selection. We provide an implementation and showcase the proposed notation-specification language in a comparison with state of the art practices during the creation of notations for an executable domain-specific modeling language based on the Eclipse Modeling Framework and Xtext.
Sabine Wolny, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer, Christian Huemer
Model-driven Runtime State Identification Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the Conference on Digital Ecosystems of the Future: Methods, Techniques and Applications (EMISA) - EMISA Forum, pp. 29-44, 2019.
@inproceedings{Wolny2019mdrsi,
title = {Model-driven Runtime State Identification},
author = {Sabine Wolny and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer and Christian Huemer},
url = {https://cdl-mint.se.jku.at/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/EMISA_2019.pdf
https://cdl-mint.se.jku.at/case-study-artefacts-for-emisa-2019/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-12-20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference on Digital Ecosystems of the Future: Methods, Techniques and Applications (EMISA) - EMISA Forum},
volume = {39},
number = {1},
pages = {29-44},
abstract = {With new advances such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT), more and more discrete software systems interact with continuous physical systems. State machines are a classical approach to specify the intended behavior of discrete systems during development. However, the actual realized behavior may deviate from those specified models due to environmental impacts, or measurement inaccuracies. Accordingly, data gathered at runtime should be validated against the specified model. A first step in this direction is to identify the individual system states of each execution of a system at runtime. This is a particular challenge for continuous systems where system states may be only identified by listening to sensor value streams. A further challenge is to raise these raw value streams on a model level for checking purposes. To tackle these challenges, we introduce a model-driven runtime state identification approach. In particular, we automatically derive corresponding time-series database queries from state machines in order to identify system runtime states based on the sensor value streams of running systems. We demonstrate our approach for a subset of SysML and evaluate it based on a case study of a simulated environment of a five-axes grip-arm robot within a working station.},
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With new advances such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT), more and more discrete software systems interact with continuous physical systems. State machines are a classical approach to specify the intended behavior of discrete systems during development. However, the actual realized behavior may deviate from those specified models due to environmental impacts, or measurement inaccuracies. Accordingly, data gathered at runtime should be validated against the specified model. A first step in this direction is to identify the individual system states of each execution of a system at runtime. This is a particular challenge for continuous systems where system states may be only identified by listening to sensor value streams. A further challenge is to raise these raw value streams on a model level for checking purposes. To tackle these challenges, we introduce a model-driven runtime state identification approach. In particular, we automatically derive corresponding time-series database queries from state machines in order to identify system runtime states based on the sensor value streams of running systems. We demonstrate our approach for a subset of SysML and evaluate it based on a case study of a simulated environment of a five-axes grip-arm robot within a working station.
Erwan Bousse, Manuel Wimmer
Domain-Level Observation and Control for Compiled Executable DSLs Proceedings Article
In: Kessentini, Marouane; Yue, Tao; Pretschner, Alexander; Voss, Sebastian; Burgueno, Loli (Ed.): 22nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2019, Munich, Germany, September 15-20, 2019, pp. 150-160, IEEE, 2019.
@inproceedings{BousseW19,
title = {Domain-Level Observation and Control for Compiled Executable DSLs},
author = {Erwan Bousse and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Marouane Kessentini and Tao Yue and Alexander Pretschner and Sebastian Voss and Loli Burgueno},
url = {https://www.se.jku.at/domain-level-observation-and-control-for-compiled-executable-dsls/},
doi = {10.1109/MODELS.2019.000-6},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-12-02},
urldate = {2019-12-02},
booktitle = {22nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2019, Munich, Germany, September 15-20, 2019},
pages = {150-160},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are commonly defined with either operational semantics (i.e., interpretation) or translational semantics (i.e., compilation). An interpreted DSL relies on domain concepts to specify the possible execution states and steps, which enables the observation and control of executions using the very same domain concepts. In contrast, a compiled DSL relies on a transformation to an arbitrarily different target language. This creates a conceptual gap, where the execution can only be observed and controlled through target domain concepts, to the detriment of experts or tools that only understand the source domain. To address this problem, we propose a language engineering architecture for compiled DSLs that enables the observation and control of executions using source domain concepts. The architecture requires the definition of the source domain execution steps and states, along with a feedback manager that translates steps and states of the target domain back to the source domain. We evaluate the architecture with two different compiled DSLs, and show that it does enable domain-level observation and control while increasing execution time by 2× in the worst observed case.},
keywords = {},
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tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are commonly defined with either operational semantics (i.e., interpretation) or translational semantics (i.e., compilation). An interpreted DSL relies on domain concepts to specify the possible execution states and steps, which enables the observation and control of executions using the very same domain concepts. In contrast, a compiled DSL relies on a transformation to an arbitrarily different target language. This creates a conceptual gap, where the execution can only be observed and controlled through target domain concepts, to the detriment of experts or tools that only understand the source domain. To address this problem, we propose a language engineering architecture for compiled DSLs that enables the observation and control of executions using source domain concepts. The architecture requires the definition of the source domain execution steps and states, along with a feedback manager that translates steps and states of the target domain back to the source domain. We evaluate the architecture with two different compiled DSLs, and show that it does enable domain-level observation and control while increasing execution time by 2× in the worst observed case.
Sabine Wolny, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
Automatic Reverse Engineering of Interaction Models from System Logs Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 24th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Zaragoza, Spain, September 10-13, 2019, pp. 57-64, IEEE, 2019.
@inproceedings{Wolny2019reverse,
title = {Automatic Reverse Engineering of Interaction Models from System Logs},
author = {Sabine Wolny and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://cdl-mint.se.jku.at/case-study-artefacts-for-etfa-2019/},
doi = {10.1109/ETFA.2019.8869502},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-24},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Zaragoza, Spain, September 10-13, 2019},
pages = {57-64},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {Nowadays, software- as well as hardware systems produce log files that enable a continuous monitoring of the system during its execution. Unfortunately, such text-based log traces are very long and difficult to read, and therefore, reasoning and analyzing runtime behavior is not straightforward. However, dealing with log traces is especially needed in cases, where (i) the execution of the system did not perform as intended, (ii) the process flow is unknown because there are no records, and/or (iii) the design models do not correspond to its realworld counterpart. These facts cause that log data has to be prepared in a more user-friendly way (e.g., in form of graphical representations) and it takes that algorithms are needed for automatically monitoring the system’s operation, and for tracking the system components interaction patterns. For this purpose we present an approach for transforming raw sensor data logs to a UML or SysML sequence diagram in order to provide a graphical representation for tracking log traces in a time-ordered manner. Based on this sequence diagram, we automatically identify interaction models in order to analyze the runtime behavior of system components. We implement this approach as prototypical plug-in in the modeling tool Enterprise Architect and evaluate it by an example of a self-driving car.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Nowadays, software- as well as hardware systems produce log files that enable a continuous monitoring of the system during its execution. Unfortunately, such text-based log traces are very long and difficult to read, and therefore, reasoning and analyzing runtime behavior is not straightforward. However, dealing with log traces is especially needed in cases, where (i) the execution of the system did not perform as intended, (ii) the process flow is unknown because there are no records, and/or (iii) the design models do not correspond to its realworld counterpart. These facts cause that log data has to be prepared in a more user-friendly way (e.g., in form of graphical representations) and it takes that algorithms are needed for automatically monitoring the system’s operation, and for tracking the system components interaction patterns. For this purpose we present an approach for transforming raw sensor data logs to a UML or SysML sequence diagram in order to provide a graphical representation for tracking log traces in a time-ordered manner. Based on this sequence diagram, we automatically identify interaction models in order to analyze the runtime behavior of system components. We implement this approach as prototypical plug-in in the modeling tool Enterprise Architect and evaluate it by an example of a self-driving car.
Bernhard Wally, Laurens Lang, Rafal Wlodarski, Radek Sindelar, Christian Huemer, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
Generating Structured AutomationML Models from IEC 62264 Information Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 5th AutomationML PlugFest 2019, 2019.
@inproceedings{Wally2019gsa,
title = {Generating Structured AutomationML Models from IEC 62264 Information},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Laurens Lang and Rafal Wlodarski and Radek Sindelar and Christian Huemer and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://cdl-mint.se.jku.at/generating-structured-automationml/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-26},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th AutomationML PlugFest 2019},
abstract = {AutomationML provides a versatile modeling environment for the description of production systems. However, when starting a new AutomationML project, or when serializing existing data with the AutomationML format, there are no rules on how to structure these models in a meaningful way. In this work, we present an approach for structuring AutomationML models, based on the IEC 62264 standard. In our approach we are implementing the process of serializing IEC 62264 information declaratively, by leveraging the power of model transformations, as they are applied in the context of model-driven (software) engineering.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
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AutomationML provides a versatile modeling environment for the description of production systems. However, when starting a new AutomationML project, or when serializing existing data with the AutomationML format, there are no rules on how to structure these models in a meaningful way. In this work, we present an approach for structuring AutomationML models, based on the IEC 62264 standard. In our approach we are implementing the process of serializing IEC 62264 information declaratively, by leveraging the power of model transformations, as they are applied in the context of model-driven (software) engineering.
Alexander Wurl, Andreas Falkner, Alois Haselböck, Alexandra Mazak, Peter Filzmoser
Exploring Robustness in a Combined Feature Selection Approach Proceedings Article
In: Hammoudi, Slimane; Quix, Christoph; Bernardino, Jorge (Ed.): Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications, DATA 2019, Prague, Czech Republic, July 26-28, 2019, pp. 84-91, SciTePress, 2019.
@inproceedings{Wurl2019exploring,
title = {Exploring Robustness in a Combined Feature Selection Approach},
author = {Alexander Wurl and Andreas Falkner and Alois Haselböck and Alexandra Mazak and Peter Filzmoser},
editor = {Slimane Hammoudi and Christoph Quix and Jorge Bernardino},
doi = {10.5220/0007924400840091},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-18},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications, DATA 2019, Prague, Czech Republic, July 26-28, 2019},
pages = {84-91},
publisher = {SciTePress},
abstract = {A crucial task in the bidding phase of industrial systems is a precise prediction of the number of hardware components of specific types for the proposal of a future project. Linear regression models, trained on data of past projects, are efficient in supporting such decisions. The number of features used by these regression models should be as small as possible, so that determining their quantities generates minimal effort. The fact that training data are often ambiguous, incomplete, and contain outlier makes challenging demands on the robustness of the feature selection methods used. We present a combined feature selection approach: (i) iteratively learn a robust well-fitted statistical model and rule out irrelevant features, (ii) perform redundancy analysis to rule out dispensable features. In a case study from the domain of hardware management in Rail Automation we show that this approach assures robustness in the calculation of hardware components.
Ist auch noch nicht online.},
keywords = {},
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}
A crucial task in the bidding phase of industrial systems is a precise prediction of the number of hardware components of specific types for the proposal of a future project. Linear regression models, trained on data of past projects, are efficient in supporting such decisions. The number of features used by these regression models should be as small as possible, so that determining their quantities generates minimal effort. The fact that training data are often ambiguous, incomplete, and contain outlier makes challenging demands on the robustness of the feature selection methods used. We present a combined feature selection approach: (i) iteratively learn a robust well-fitted statistical model and rule out irrelevant features, (ii) perform redundancy analysis to rule out dispensable features. In a case study from the domain of hardware management in Rail Automation we show that this approach assures robustness in the calculation of hardware components.
Ist auch noch nicht online.
Ist auch noch nicht online.
Manuel Wimmer
Design Science for Model-Driven Software and Systems Engineering Proceedings Article
In: IEEE / ACM 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), Doctoral Symposium, September 15-20, 2019 Munich, Germany, 2019.
@inproceedings{wimmer2019c,
title = {Design Science for Model-Driven Software and Systems Engineering},
author = {Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://modelsconf19.org/?page_id=1933},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-17},
booktitle = {IEEE / ACM 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), Doctoral Symposium, September 15-20, 2019 Munich, Germany},
abstract = {Design Science is well-suited methodology to perform research in Model-Driven Software and Systems Engineering (MDSE). In addition, MDSE may help in performing Design Science with systematic methods to reason about possible designs. In my talk, I will give hints how to combine these two fields in order to have a solid basis for conducting a PhD thesis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Design Science is well-suited methodology to perform research in Model-Driven Software and Systems Engineering (MDSE). In addition, MDSE may help in performing Design Science with systematic methods to reason about possible designs. In my talk, I will give hints how to combine these two fields in order to have a solid basis for conducting a PhD thesis.
Manuel Wimmer
Flexible Modeling by Prototype-based Languages and Inconsistency Management: Two Experiences from the Production System Domain Proceedings Article
In: FlexMDE 2019 - 5th Flexible MDE Workshop Tuesday, September 17, 2019, Munich, Germany, ACM/IEEE 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2019), 2019.
@inproceedings{wimmer2019d,
title = {Flexible Modeling by Prototype-based Languages and Inconsistency Management: Two Experiences from the Production System Domain},
author = {Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CvJeu1sl69g59fZrZ4vYMhMUIFiBl5rPe9D0D7CiyAg/edit#},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-17},
booktitle = {FlexMDE 2019 - 5th Flexible MDE Workshop Tuesday, September 17, 2019, Munich, Germany, ACM/IEEE 22nd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2019)},
abstract = {Prototype/Clone-based modeling is an alternative to Class/Object-based modeling. While providing a good level of flexibility in the modeling process, prototype-based modeling languages also come with their own challenges. How such languages may provide flexibility and at the same time some degree of consistency is the first part of my talk. In the second part, I will present some ongoing work on dealing with consistency requirements by managing inconsistencies. In both parts, explicitly modeling consistency requirements and how to deal with occurring inconsistencies is the key. Finally, I conclude with an outlook on future challenges for flexible modeling in the model-based systems engineering domain.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Prototype/Clone-based modeling is an alternative to Class/Object-based modeling. While providing a good level of flexibility in the modeling process, prototype-based modeling languages also come with their own challenges. How such languages may provide flexibility and at the same time some degree of consistency is the first part of my talk. In the second part, I will present some ongoing work on dealing with consistency requirements by managing inconsistencies. In both parts, explicitly modeling consistency requirements and how to deal with occurring inconsistencies is the key. Finally, I conclude with an outlook on future challenges for flexible modeling in the model-based systems engineering domain.
Alexander Wurl, Andreas Falkner, Alois Haselböck, Alexandra Mazak
A Conceptual Design of a Digital Companion for Failure Analysis in Rail Automation Proceedings Article
In: Becker, Jörg; Novikov, Dmitriy (Ed.): Proceedings of the 21st IEEE Conference on Business Informatics (CBI 2019), Moscow, Russia, July 15-17, 2019, Volume 1 - Research Papers, pp. 578–583, IEEE, 2019.
@inproceedings{Wurl2019companion,
title = {A Conceptual Design of a Digital Companion for Failure Analysis in Rail Automation},
author = {Alexander Wurl and Andreas Falkner and Alois Haselböck and Alexandra Mazak},
editor = {Jörg Becker and Dmitriy Novikov},
doi = {10.1109/CBI.2019.00073},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-08-27},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st IEEE Conference on Business Informatics (CBI 2019), Moscow, Russia, July 15-17, 2019, Volume 1 - Research Papers},
pages = {578--583},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {In Rail Automation, a crucial task in the maintenance phase comprises the process of failure analysis. Domain experts are often faced with various challenges in analyzing large data volumes which reveal highly complex data structures. However, finding causes for potential failures and deciding how to optimize or repair the system may be extensively time consuming. To this end, we propose the concept of a digital companion which serves as continuous assistant recommending optimizations. A sequence of different data analytics methods within the digital companion enables the domain expert to reasonably manage and control the process of failure analysis. In illustrative examples, we give insights in the workflow of a digital companion and discuss the application in the domain of Rail Automation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In Rail Automation, a crucial task in the maintenance phase comprises the process of failure analysis. Domain experts are often faced with various challenges in analyzing large data volumes which reveal highly complex data structures. However, finding causes for potential failures and deciding how to optimize or repair the system may be extensively time consuming. To this end, we propose the concept of a digital companion which serves as continuous assistant recommending optimizations. A sequence of different data analytics methods within the digital companion enables the domain expert to reasonably manage and control the process of failure analysis. In illustrative examples, we give insights in the workflow of a digital companion and discuss the application in the domain of Rail Automation.
Bernhard Wally, Jiri Vyskocil, Petr Novak, Christian Huemer, Radek Sindelar, Petr Kadera, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
Production Planning with IEC 62264 and PDDL Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2019), 2019.
@inproceedings{Wally2019durative,
title = {Production Planning with IEC 62264 and PDDL},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Jiri Vyskocil and Petr Novak and Christian Huemer and Radek Sindelar and Petr Kadera and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8972050},
doi = {10.1109/INDIN41052.2019.8972050},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-24},
urldate = {2019-07-24},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2019)},
abstract = {Smart production systems need to be able to adapt to changing environments and market needs. They have to reflect changes in (i) the reconfiguration of the production systems themselves, (ii) the processes they perform or (iii) the products they produce. Manual intervention for system adaptation is costly and potentially error-prone. In this article, we propose a model-driven approach for the automatic generation and regeneration of production plans that can be triggered anytime a change in any of the three aforementioned parameters occurs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Smart production systems need to be able to adapt to changing environments and market needs. They have to reflect changes in (i) the reconfiguration of the production systems themselves, (ii) the processes they perform or (iii) the products they produce. Manual intervention for system adaptation is costly and potentially error-prone. In this article, we propose a model-driven approach for the automatic generation and regeneration of production plans that can be triggered anytime a change in any of the three aforementioned parameters occurs.
Haris Isakovic, Vanja Bisanovic, Bernhard Wally, Thomas Rausch, Denise Ratasich, Schahram Dustdar, Gerti Kappel, Radu Grosu
Sensyml: Simulation Environment for large-scale IoT Applications Proceedings Article
In: IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 3024–3030, IEEE, 2019.
@inproceedings{IsakovicBWRRDKG19,
title = {Sensyml: Simulation Environment for large-scale IoT Applications},
author = {Haris Isakovic and Vanja Bisanovic and Bernhard Wally and Thomas Rausch and Denise Ratasich and Schahram Dustdar and Gerti Kappel and Radu Grosu},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8927756},
doi = {10.1109/IECON.2019.8927756},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics
Society},
pages = {3024--3030},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {IoT systems are becoming an increasingly important component of the civil and industrial infrastructure. With the growth of these IoT ecosystems, their complexity is also growing exponentially. In this paper we explore the problem of testing and evaluating large scale IoT systems at design time. To this end we employ simulated sensors with the physical and geographical characteristics of real sensors. Moreover, we propose Sensyml, a simulation environment that is capable of generating big data from cyber-physical models and real-world data. To the best of our knowledge it is the first approach to use a hybrid integration of real and simulated sensor data, that is also capable of being integrated into existing IoT systems. Sensyml is a cloud based Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) system that enables users to test both functionality and scalability of their IoT applications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
IoT systems are becoming an increasingly important component of the civil and industrial infrastructure. With the growth of these IoT ecosystems, their complexity is also growing exponentially. In this paper we explore the problem of testing and evaluating large scale IoT systems at design time. To this end we employ simulated sensors with the physical and geographical characteristics of real sensors. Moreover, we propose Sensyml, a simulation environment that is capable of generating big data from cyber-physical models and real-world data. To the best of our knowledge it is the first approach to use a hybrid integration of real and simulated sensor data, that is also capable of being integrated into existing IoT systems. Sensyml is a cloud based Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) system that enables users to test both functionality and scalability of their IoT applications.
Alexandra Mazak, Sabine Wolny, Manuel Wimmer, Daniel Siegl, Konrad Wieland
Entwicklung einer domänenspezifischen Sprache zur Modellierung von Komponentenversionen und ihren Abhängigkeiten Proceedings Article
In: Tag des Systems Engineering 2019, TdSE 2019, Munich, Germany, pp. 153–156, GfSE Verlag, 2019.
@inproceedings{MazakTdSE2019,
title = {Entwicklung einer domänenspezifischen Sprache zur Modellierung von Komponentenversionen und ihren Abhängigkeiten},
author = {Alexandra Mazak and Sabine Wolny and Manuel Wimmer and Daniel Siegl and Konrad Wieland},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {Tag des Systems Engineering 2019, TdSE 2019, Munich, Germany},
pages = {153--156},
publisher = {GfSE Verlag},
abstract = {Durch die Verschmelzung softwaretechnischer Komponenten mit mechanischen Komponenten erhöht sich der Komplexitätsgrad von Systemen zunehmend. Um dieser Herausforderung zu begegnen wird in unterschiedlichen Anwendungsbereichen die Modellierung zur Komplexitätsreduktion verstärkt eingesetzt. Die Herausforderung in der Modellierung ist jedoch, dass im Verlauf des Modellierungsprozesses unterschiedliche Komponenten eines Systems in verschiedenen Versionen, Varianten und Abhängigkeiten vorliegen. Ein offener Punkt in der Modellversionsverwaltung ist die bisher fehlende Nachverfolgbarkeit von Abhängigkeiten zwischen Komponentenmodellen über verschiedene Versionen hinweg. Dieser Umstand führt beispielweise bei Versionsupgrades zu möglichen Konflikten. Der vorgestellte Ansatz zeigt, wie solche Abhängigkeiten mittels einer domänenspezifischen Sprache versionsübergreifend und nachvollziehbar modelliert werden können. Wir präsentieren diesen Ansatz gemeinsam mit unserem Projektpartner der LieberLieber Software GmbH am Beispiel eines Softwareupdates für den Controller eines elektrischen Autofensterhebers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
Durch die Verschmelzung softwaretechnischer Komponenten mit mechanischen Komponenten erhöht sich der Komplexitätsgrad von Systemen zunehmend. Um dieser Herausforderung zu begegnen wird in unterschiedlichen Anwendungsbereichen die Modellierung zur Komplexitätsreduktion verstärkt eingesetzt. Die Herausforderung in der Modellierung ist jedoch, dass im Verlauf des Modellierungsprozesses unterschiedliche Komponenten eines Systems in verschiedenen Versionen, Varianten und Abhängigkeiten vorliegen. Ein offener Punkt in der Modellversionsverwaltung ist die bisher fehlende Nachverfolgbarkeit von Abhängigkeiten zwischen Komponentenmodellen über verschiedene Versionen hinweg. Dieser Umstand führt beispielweise bei Versionsupgrades zu möglichen Konflikten. Der vorgestellte Ansatz zeigt, wie solche Abhängigkeiten mittels einer domänenspezifischen Sprache versionsübergreifend und nachvollziehbar modelliert werden können. Wir präsentieren diesen Ansatz gemeinsam mit unserem Projektpartner der LieberLieber Software GmbH am Beispiel eines Softwareupdates für den Controller eines elektrischen Autofensterhebers.
Christopher Werner, Manuel Wimmer, Uwe Aßmann
A Generic Language for Query and Viewtype Generation By-Example Proceedings Article
In: Burgueño, Loli; Pretschner, Alexander; Voss, Sebastian; Chaudron, Michel; Kienzle, Jörg; Völter, Markus; Gérard, Sébastien; Zahedi, Mansooreh; Bousse, Erwan; Rensink, Arend; Polack, Fiona; Engels, Gregor; Kappel, Gerti (Ed.): 22nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2019, Munich, Germany, September 15-20, 2019, pp. 379–386, IEEE, 2019.
@inproceedings{WernerWA19,
title = {A Generic Language for Query and Viewtype Generation By-Example},
author = {Christopher Werner and Manuel Wimmer and Uwe Aßmann},
editor = {Loli Burgueño and Alexander Pretschner and Sebastian Voss and Michel Chaudron and Jörg Kienzle and Markus Völter and Sébastien Gérard and Mansooreh Zahedi and Erwan Bousse and Arend Rensink and Fiona Polack and Gregor Engels and Gerti Kappel},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8904594},
doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C.2019.00059},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {22nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering
Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2019, Munich,
Germany, September 15-20, 2019},
pages = {379--386},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {In model-driven engineering, powerful query/view languages exist to compute result sets/views from underlying models. However, to use these languages effectively, one must understand the query/view language concepts as well as the underlying models and metamodels structures. Consequently, it is a challenge for domain experts to create queries/views due to the lack of knowledge about the computer-internal abstract representation of models and metamodels. To better support domain experts in the query/view creation, the goal of this paper is the presentation of a generic concept to specify queries/views on models without requiring deep knowledge on the realization of modeling languages. The proposed concept is agnostic to specific modeling languages and allows the query/view generation by-example with a simple mechanism for filtering model elements. Based on this generic concept, a generic query/view language is proposed that uses role-oriented modeling for its non-intrusive application for specific modeling languages. The proposed language is demonstrated based on the role-based single underlying model (RSUM) approach for AutomationML to create queries/views by-example, and subsequently, associated viewtypes to modify the result set or view.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In model-driven engineering, powerful query/view languages exist to compute result sets/views from underlying models. However, to use these languages effectively, one must understand the query/view language concepts as well as the underlying models and metamodels structures. Consequently, it is a challenge for domain experts to create queries/views due to the lack of knowledge about the computer-internal abstract representation of models and metamodels. To better support domain experts in the query/view creation, the goal of this paper is the presentation of a generic concept to specify queries/views on models without requiring deep knowledge on the realization of modeling languages. The proposed concept is agnostic to specific modeling languages and allows the query/view generation by-example with a simple mechanism for filtering model elements. Based on this generic concept, a generic query/view language is proposed that uses role-oriented modeling for its non-intrusive application for specific modeling languages. The proposed language is demonstrated based on the role-based single underlying model (RSUM) approach for AutomationML to create queries/views by-example, and subsequently, associated viewtypes to modify the result set or view.
Manuel Wimmer
From Design-Time to Runtime and Back Again with Liquid Models Proceedings Article
In: Bagnato, Alessandra; Brunelière, Hugo; Burgueño, Loli; Eramo, Romina; Gómez, Abel (Ed.): STAF 2019 Co-Located Events Joint Proceedings: 1st Junior Researcher Community Event, 2nd International Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for Design-Runtime Interaction in Complex Systems, and 1st Research Project Showcase Workshop co-located with Software Technologies: Applications and Foundations (STAF 2019), Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 15 - 19, 2019, pp. 21–22, CEUR-WS.org, 2019.
@inproceedings{Wimmer19,
title = {From Design-Time to Runtime and Back Again with Liquid Models},
author = {Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Alessandra Bagnato and Hugo Brunelière and Loli Burgueño and Romina Eramo and Abel Gómez},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2405/05_invited.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
booktitle = {STAF 2019 Co-Located Events Joint Proceedings: 1st Junior Researcher
Community Event, 2nd International Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering
for Design-Runtime Interaction in Complex Systems, and 1st Research
Project Showcase Workshop co-located with Software Technologies: Applications
and Foundations (STAF 2019), Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 15
- 19, 2019},
volume = {2405},
pages = {21--22},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
abstract = {Today, we recognize a discrepancy between design models concentrating on the desired behaviour of a system and its real world correspondents reflecting deviations taking place at runtime. In order to close this gap, design models must not be static, but evolutionary artefacts so to speak liquid models. Such liquid models are the cornerstone of our research project CDL-MINT (https://cdlmint.se.jku.at/) which is about the model-based continuous evolution of cyberphysical systems based on operational data gathered and analysed at runtime. In my talk, I will present some initial results of this project, in particular the liquid models architecture for linking design models with runtime concerns. I will also elaborate on the proposed technologies for the respective architectural layers and identify the research challenges ahead.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Today, we recognize a discrepancy between design models concentrating on the desired behaviour of a system and its real world correspondents reflecting deviations taking place at runtime. In order to close this gap, design models must not be static, but evolutionary artefacts so to speak liquid models. Such liquid models are the cornerstone of our research project CDL-MINT (https://cdlmint.se.jku.at/) which is about the model-based continuous evolution of cyberphysical systems based on operational data gathered and analysed at runtime. In my talk, I will present some initial results of this project, in particular the liquid models architecture for linking design models with runtime concerns. I will also elaborate on the proposed technologies for the respective architectural layers and identify the research challenges ahead.
2018
Bernhard Wally, Christian Huemer, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
IEC 62264-2 for AutomationML Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 5th AutomationML User Conference, 2018.
@inproceedings{Wally2018IECAML,
title = {IEC 62264-2 for AutomationML},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Christian Huemer and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328095694_IEC_62264-2_for_AutomationML
},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-25},
urldate = {2018-10-25},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th AutomationML User Conference},
abstract = {IEC 62264-2 and AutomationML can co-exist as separate views on the same production system; the former with a slight bias towards the upper levels, the latter slightly biased towards the lower levels of the automation hierarchy. Still, there is quite some semantic and structural overlap between IEC 62264-2 and AutomationML. Therefore, a semantic and structural alignment of their entities on a metamodel and a model level seems approrpate. In this work, we will present such an alignment together with two combinable methods for integration: (i) tagging AutomationML elements with IEC 62264-2 roles and (ii) referencing external IEC 62264-2 data.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
IEC 62264-2 and AutomationML can co-exist as separate views on the same production system; the former with a slight bias towards the upper levels, the latter slightly biased towards the lower levels of the automation hierarchy. Still, there is quite some semantic and structural overlap between IEC 62264-2 and AutomationML. Therefore, a semantic and structural alignment of their entities on a metamodel and a model level seems approrpate. In this work, we will present such an alignment together with two combinable methods for integration: (i) tagging AutomationML elements with IEC 62264-2 roles and (ii) referencing external IEC 62264-2 data.
A. Gómez, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer
TemporalEMF: A Temporal Metamodeling Framework Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Gomez2018temporalEMF,
title = {TemporalEMF: A Temporal Metamodeling Framework},
author = {A. Gómez and Jordi Cabot and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://modeling-languages.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/temporalEMF.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-25},
urldate = {2018-10-25},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2018)},
abstract = {Existing modeling tools provide direct access to the most current version of a model but very limited support to inspect the model state in the past. This typically requires looking for a model version (usually stored in some kind of external versioning system like Git) roughly corresponding to the desired period and using it to manually retrieve the required data. This approximate answer is not enough in scenarios that require a more precise and immediate response to temporal queries like complex collaborative co-engineering processes or runtime models. In this paper, we reuse well-known concepts from temporal languages to propose a temporal metamodeling framework, called TemporalEMF, that adds native temporal support for models. In our framework, models are automatically treated as temporal models and can be subjected to temporal queries to retrieve the model contents at different points in time. We have built our framework on top of the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF). Behind the scenes, the history of a model is transparently stored in a NoSQL database. We evaluate the resulting TemporalEMF framework with an Industry 4.0 case study about a production system simulator. The results show good scalability for storing and accessing temporal models without requiring changes to the syntax and semantics of the simulator.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Existing modeling tools provide direct access to the most current version of a model but very limited support to inspect the model state in the past. This typically requires looking for a model version (usually stored in some kind of external versioning system like Git) roughly corresponding to the desired period and using it to manually retrieve the required data. This approximate answer is not enough in scenarios that require a more precise and immediate response to temporal queries like complex collaborative co-engineering processes or runtime models. In this paper, we reuse well-known concepts from temporal languages to propose a temporal metamodeling framework, called TemporalEMF, that adds native temporal support for models. In our framework, models are automatically treated as temporal models and can be subjected to temporal queries to retrieve the model contents at different points in time. We have built our framework on top of the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF). Behind the scenes, the history of a model is transparently stored in a NoSQL database. We evaluate the resulting TemporalEMF framework with an Industry 4.0 case study about a production system simulator. The results show good scalability for storing and accessing temporal models without requiring changes to the syntax and semantics of the simulator.
Sabine Wolny, Alexandra Mazak, Bernhard Wally
An Initial Mapping Study on MDE4IoT Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for the Internet-of-Things (MDE4IoT 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Wolny2018mde4iot,
title = {An Initial Mapping Study on MDE4IoT},
author = {Sabine Wolny and Alexandra Mazak and Bernhard Wally},
url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2245/mde4iot_paper_6.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-24},
urldate = {2018-10-24},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for the Internet-of-Things (MDE4IoT 2018)},
abstract = {The term “Internet of Things” (IoT) refers to a distributed network of physical objects and applications that create, transform and consume data. Due to the growing interest in digital transformation and Industry 4.0 topics, IoT is becoming more and more important. However, in order to correctly implement IoT concepts that are mostly highly complex, solutions and techniques must be provided to tackle a multitude of challenges such as heterogeneity, collaborative development, reusability of software artifacts, self-adaptation, etc. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) uses the abstraction power of models to handle the complexity of systems and thus it may act as a key-enabler for IoT systems and applications. Therefore, we present an initial mapping study on the state-of-the-art in the field of MDE4IoT. This study aims to identify to which extent MDE techniques are currently being applied in the field of IoT, and which challenges are addressed.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The term “Internet of Things” (IoT) refers to a distributed network of physical objects and applications that create, transform and consume data. Due to the growing interest in digital transformation and Industry 4.0 topics, IoT is becoming more and more important. However, in order to correctly implement IoT concepts that are mostly highly complex, solutions and techniques must be provided to tackle a multitude of challenges such as heterogeneity, collaborative development, reusability of software artifacts, self-adaptation, etc. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) uses the abstraction power of models to handle the complexity of systems and thus it may act as a key-enabler for IoT systems and applications. Therefore, we present an initial mapping study on the state-of-the-art in the field of MDE4IoT. This study aims to identify to which extent MDE techniques are currently being applied in the field of IoT, and which challenges are addressed.
R. Rodriguez-Echeverria, J. Canovas Izquierdo, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer
Towards a Language Server Protocol Infrastructure for Graphical Modeling Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 21st International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Echeverria2018lsp,
title = {Towards a Language Server Protocol Infrastructure for Graphical Modeling},
author = {R. Rodriguez-Echeverria and J. Canovas Izquierdo and Jordi Cabot and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3239372.3239383},
doi = {10.1145/3239372.3239383},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-19},
urldate = {2018-10-19},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 21st International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2018)},
abstract = {In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), models are often expressed following a graphical representation of their concepts and associations. MDE tooling allows developers to create models according to their graphical syntax and subsequently, generate code or other kind of models from them. However, the development of full-fledge graphical modeling tools is a challenging and complex task [18]. These tools usually address specific languages and platforms, as supporting multiple ones is not a viable option given the implementation and integration costs.
Although the advantages of following the path defined by Language Server Protocol (LSP) are clear for IDE development aimed at graphical languages, currently the question about how to do it properly remains open as LSP has been defined without considering graphical languages. Basically, there is no scientific assessment or tool provider position on whether LSP provides enough expressiveness for graphical manipulations, whether it should be extended to support specific features of graphical edition or whether it would be best to ignore LSP in graphical modeling. Furthermore, LSP definition is still an ongoing work, thus it could be the right moment to suggest reasonable adaptations or extensions to provide support for graphical languages.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), models are often expressed following a graphical representation of their concepts and associations. MDE tooling allows developers to create models according to their graphical syntax and subsequently, generate code or other kind of models from them. However, the development of full-fledge graphical modeling tools is a challenging and complex task [18]. These tools usually address specific languages and platforms, as supporting multiple ones is not a viable option given the implementation and integration costs.
Although the advantages of following the path defined by Language Server Protocol (LSP) are clear for IDE development aimed at graphical languages, currently the question about how to do it properly remains open as LSP has been defined without considering graphical languages. Basically, there is no scientific assessment or tool provider position on whether LSP provides enough expressiveness for graphical manipulations, whether it should be extended to support specific features of graphical edition or whether it would be best to ignore LSP in graphical modeling. Furthermore, LSP definition is still an ongoing work, thus it could be the right moment to suggest reasonable adaptations or extensions to provide support for graphical languages.
Although the advantages of following the path defined by Language Server Protocol (LSP) are clear for IDE development aimed at graphical languages, currently the question about how to do it properly remains open as LSP has been defined without considering graphical languages. Basically, there is no scientific assessment or tool provider position on whether LSP provides enough expressiveness for graphical manipulations, whether it should be extended to support specific features of graphical edition or whether it would be best to ignore LSP in graphical modeling. Furthermore, LSP definition is still an ongoing work, thus it could be the right moment to suggest reasonable adaptations or extensions to provide support for graphical languages.
Wael Kessentini, Manuel Wimmer, Houari A. Sahraoui
Integrating the Designer in-the-loop for Metamodel/Model Co-Evolution via Interactive Computational Search Proceedings Article
In: Wasowski, Andrzej; Paige, Richard F.; Haugen, Øystein (Ed.): Proceedings of the 21th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2018, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 14-19, 2018, pp. 101–111, ACM, 2018.
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/models/KessentiniWS18,
title = {Integrating the Designer in-the-loop for Metamodel/Model Co-Evolution via Interactive Computational Search},
author = {Wael Kessentini and Manuel Wimmer and Houari A. Sahraoui},
editor = {Andrzej Wasowski and Richard F. Paige and Øystein Haugen},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3239372.3239375},
doi = {10.1145/3239372.3239375},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-19},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2018, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 14-19, 2018},
pages = {101--111},
publisher = {ACM},
abstract = {Metamodels evolve even more frequently than programming languages. This evolution process may result in a large number of instance models that are no longer conforming to the revised meta-model. On the one hand, the manual adaptation of models after the metamodels’ evolution can be tedious, error-prone, and time-consuming. On the other hand, the automated co-evolution of metamodels/models is challenging especially when new semantics is introduced to the metamodels. In this paper, we propose an interactive multi-objective approach that dynamically adapts and interactively suggests edit operations to developers and takes their feedback into consideration. Our approach uses NSGA-II to find a set of good edit operation sequences that minimizes the number of conformance errors, maximizes the similarity with the initial model (reduce the loss of information) and minimizes the number of proposed edit operations. The designer can approve, modify, or reject each of the recommended edit operations, and this feedback is then used to update the proposed rankings of recommended edit operations. We evaluated our approach on a set of metamodel/model coevolution case studies and compared it to fully automated coevolution techniques.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Metamodels evolve even more frequently than programming languages. This evolution process may result in a large number of instance models that are no longer conforming to the revised meta-model. On the one hand, the manual adaptation of models after the metamodels’ evolution can be tedious, error-prone, and time-consuming. On the other hand, the automated co-evolution of metamodels/models is challenging especially when new semantics is introduced to the metamodels. In this paper, we propose an interactive multi-objective approach that dynamically adapts and interactively suggests edit operations to developers and takes their feedback into consideration. Our approach uses NSGA-II to find a set of good edit operation sequences that minimizes the number of conformance errors, maximizes the similarity with the initial model (reduce the loss of information) and minimizes the number of proposed edit operations. The designer can approve, modify, or reject each of the recommended edit operations, and this feedback is then used to update the proposed rankings of recommended edit operations. We evaluated our approach on a set of metamodel/model coevolution case studies and compared it to fully automated coevolution techniques.
Roberto Rodríguez-Echeverría, Javier Luis Cánovas Izquierdo, Manuel Wimmer, Jordi Cabot
An LSP infrastructure to build EMF language servers for web-deployable model editors Proceedings Article
In: Hebig, Regina; Berger, Thorsten (Ed.): Proceedings of MODELS 2018 Workshops: ModComp, MRT, OCL, FlexMDE, EXE, COMMitMDE, MDETools, GEMOC, MORSE, MDE4IoT, MDEbug, MoDeVVa, ME, MULTI, HuFaMo, AMMoRe, PAINS co-located with ACM/IEEE 21st International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2018), Copenhagen, Denmark, October, 14, 2018, pp. 326–335, CEUR-WS.org, 2018.
@inproceedings{Echeverria2018lspemf,
title = {An LSP infrastructure to build EMF language servers for web-deployable model editors},
author = {Roberto Rodríguez-Echeverría and Javier Luis Cánovas Izquierdo and Manuel Wimmer and Jordi Cabot},
editor = {Regina Hebig and Thorsten Berger},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2245/mdetools_paper_3.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-15},
urldate = {2018-10-15},
booktitle = {Proceedings of MODELS 2018 Workshops: ModComp, MRT, OCL, FlexMDE, EXE, COMMitMDE, MDETools, GEMOC, MORSE, MDE4IoT, MDEbug, MoDeVVa, ME, MULTI, HuFaMo, AMMoRe, PAINS co-located with ACM/IEEE 21st International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2018), Copenhagen, Denmark, October, 14, 2018},
volume = {2245},
pages = {326--335},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
abstract = {The development of modern IDEs is still a challenging and time-consuming task, which requires implementing the support for language-specific features such as syntax highlighting or validation. When the IDE targets a graphical language, its development becomes even more complex due to the renderingand manipulation of the graphical notation symbols. To simplify the development of IDEs, the Language Server Protocol (LSP) proposes a decoupled approach based on language-agnostic clients and language-specific servers. LSP clients communicate changes to LSP servers, which validate and store language in-stances. However, LSP only addresses textual languages (i.e., character as atomic unit) and neglects the support for graphical ones (i.e., nodes/edges as atomic units). In this paper, we introduce a novel LSP infrastructure to simplify the development of new graphical modeling tools, in which Web technologies may be used for editor front-ends while leveraging existing modeling frameworks to build language servers. More concretely, in this work, we present the architecture of our LSP infrastructure, based on LSP4J, to build EMF-based graphical language servers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The development of modern IDEs is still a challenging and time-consuming task, which requires implementing the support for language-specific features such as syntax highlighting or validation. When the IDE targets a graphical language, its development becomes even more complex due to the renderingand manipulation of the graphical notation symbols. To simplify the development of IDEs, the Language Server Protocol (LSP) proposes a decoupled approach based on language-agnostic clients and language-specific servers. LSP clients communicate changes to LSP servers, which validate and store language in-stances. However, LSP only addresses textual languages (i.e., character as atomic unit) and neglects the support for graphical ones (i.e., nodes/edges as atomic units). In this paper, we introduce a novel LSP infrastructure to simplify the development of new graphical modeling tools, in which Web technologies may be used for editor front-ends while leveraging existing modeling frameworks to build language servers. More concretely, in this work, we present the architecture of our LSP infrastructure, based on LSP4J, to build EMF-based graphical language servers.
Francis Bordeleau, Benoît Combemale, Romina Eramo, Mark Brand, Manuel Wimmer
Tool-Support of Socio-Technical Coordination in the Context of Heterogeneous Modeling Proceedings Article
In: Hebig, Regina; Berger, Thorsten (Ed.): Proceedings of MODELS 2018 Workshops: ModComp, MRT, OCL, FlexMDE, EXE, COMMitMDE, MDETools, GEMOC, MORSE, MDE4IoT, MDEbug, MoDeVVa, ME, MULTI, HuFaMo, AMMoRe, PAINS co-located with ACM/IEEE 21st International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2018), Copenhagen, Denmark, October, 14, 2018, pp. 423–425, CEUR-WS.org, 2018.
@inproceedings{Bordeleau2018stc,
title = {Tool-Support of Socio-Technical Coordination in the Context of Heterogeneous Modeling},
author = {Francis Bordeleau and Benoît Combemale and Romina Eramo and Mark Brand and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Regina Hebig and Thorsten Berger},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2245/gemoc_paper_3.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-15},
urldate = {2018-10-15},
booktitle = {Proceedings of MODELS 2018 Workshops: ModComp, MRT, OCL, FlexMDE, EXE, COMMitMDE, MDETools, GEMOC, MORSE, MDE4IoT, MDEbug, MoDeVVa, ME, MULTI, HuFaMo, AMMoRe, PAINS co-located with ACM/IEEE 21st International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2018), Copenhagen, Denmark, October, 14, 2018},
volume = {2245},
pages = {423--425},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
abstract = {The growing complexity of everyday life systems (and devices)over the last decades has forced the industry to use and investigate different development techniques to manage the many different aspects of the systems. In this context, the use of model driven engineering (MDE) has emerged and is now common practice for many engineering disciplines. However, this comes with important challenges. As set of main challenges relates to the fact that different modeling techniques, languages, and tools are required to deal with the different system aspects, and that support is required to ensure consistence and coherence between the different models. This paper identifies a number of the challenges and paints a roadmap on how tooling can support a multi-model integrated way of working.},
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The growing complexity of everyday life systems (and devices)over the last decades has forced the industry to use and investigate different development techniques to manage the many different aspects of the systems. In this context, the use of model driven engineering (MDE) has emerged and is now common practice for many engineering disciplines. However, this comes with important challenges. As set of main challenges relates to the fact that different modeling techniques, languages, and tools are required to deal with the different system aspects, and that support is required to ensure consistence and coherence between the different models. This paper identifies a number of the challenges and paints a roadmap on how tooling can support a multi-model integrated way of working.
Federico Ciccozzi, Michalis Famelis, Gerti Kappel, Leen Lambers, Sébastien Mosser, Richard F. Paige, Alfonso Pierantonio, Arend Rensink, Rick Salay, Gabi Taentzer, Antonio Vallecillo, Manuel Wimmer
Towards a Body of Knowledge for Model-Based Software Engineering Proceedings Article
In: Babur, Önder; Strüber, Daniel; Abrahão, Silvia; Burgueño, Loli; Gogolla, Martin; Greenyer, Joel; Kokaly, Sahar; Kolovos, Dimitris S.; Mayerhofer, Tanja; Zahedi, Mansooreh (Ed.): Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: Companion Proceedings, MODELS 2018, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 14-19, 2018, pp. 82–89, ACM, 2018.
@inproceedings{Ciccozzi2018bkmbse,
title = {Towards a Body of Knowledge for Model-Based Software Engineering},
author = {Federico Ciccozzi and Michalis Famelis and Gerti Kappel and Leen Lambers and Sébastien Mosser and Richard F. Paige and Alfonso Pierantonio and Arend Rensink and Rick Salay and Gabi Taentzer and Antonio Vallecillo and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Önder Babur and Daniel Strüber and Silvia Abrahão and Loli Burgueño and Martin Gogolla and Joel Greenyer and Sahar Kokaly and Dimitris S. Kolovos and Tanja Mayerhofer and Mansooreh Zahedi},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3270112.3270121},
doi = {10.1145/3270112.3270121},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-15},
urldate = {2018-10-15},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: Companion Proceedings, MODELS 2018, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 14-19, 2018},
pages = {82--89},
publisher = {ACM},
abstract = {Model-based Software Engineering (MBSE) is now accepted as a Software Engineering (SE) discipline and is being taught as part of more general SE curricula. However, an agreed core of concepts,mechanisms and practices — which constitutes the Body of Knowledge of a discipline — has not been captured anywhere, and is only partially covered by the SE Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK). With the goals of characterizing the contents of the MBSE discipline,promoting a consistent view of it worldwide, clarifying its scope with regard to other SE disciplines, and defining a foundation for a curriculum development on MBSE, this paper provides a proposal for an extension of the contents of SWEBOK with the set of fundamental concepts, terms and mechanisms that should constitute the MBSE Body of Knowledge.},
keywords = {},
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Model-based Software Engineering (MBSE) is now accepted as a Software Engineering (SE) discipline and is being taught as part of more general SE curricula. However, an agreed core of concepts,mechanisms and practices — which constitutes the Body of Knowledge of a discipline — has not been captured anywhere, and is only partially covered by the SE Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK). With the goals of characterizing the contents of the MBSE discipline,promoting a consistent view of it worldwide, clarifying its scope with regard to other SE disciplines, and defining a foundation for a curriculum development on MBSE, this paper provides a proposal for an extension of the contents of SWEBOK with the set of fundamental concepts, terms and mechanisms that should constitute the MBSE Body of Knowledge.
A. Pierantonio, F. Ciccozzi, M. Famelis, Gerti Kappel, L. Lambers, S. Mosser, R. Paige, A. Rensink, R. Salay, G. Taentzer, Antonio Vallecillo, Manuel Wimmer
How do we teach Modelling and Model-Driven Engineering? A survey Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 14th Educators Symposium at MODELS, 2018.
@inproceedings{Pierantonio2018teach,
title = {How do we teach Modelling and Model-Driven Engineering? A survey},
author = {A. Pierantonio and F. Ciccozzi and M. Famelis and Gerti Kappel and L. Lambers and S. Mosser and R. Paige and A. Rensink and R. Salay and G. Taentzer and Antonio Vallecillo and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3270112.3270129},
doi = {10.1145/3270112.3270129},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-15},
urldate = {2018-10-15},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th Educators Symposium at MODELS},
abstract = {Understanding the experiences of instructors teaching modelling and model-driven engineering is of great relevance to determining how MDE courses should be managed in terms of content, assessment, and teaching methods. In this paper, we report the results of a survey of 47 instructors in this field. Questions address course content, tools and technologies used, as well as positive and negative factors affecting learning outcomes. We analyse the results and summarise key findings with the potential of improving the state of teaching and learning practices. The survey is a preliminary effort in giving a structured overview on the state-of-the-practice within teaching modeling and model-driven engineering (from the point of view of the instructor).},
keywords = {},
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Understanding the experiences of instructors teaching modelling and model-driven engineering is of great relevance to determining how MDE courses should be managed in terms of content, assessment, and teaching methods. In this paper, we report the results of a survey of 47 instructors in this field. Questions address course content, tools and technologies used, as well as positive and negative factors affecting learning outcomes. We analyse the results and summarise key findings with the potential of improving the state of teaching and learning practices. The survey is a preliminary effort in giving a structured overview on the state-of-the-practice within teaching modeling and model-driven engineering (from the point of view of the instructor).
Haris Isakovic, Denise Ratasich, Christian Hirsch, Michael Platzer, Bernhard Wally, Thomas Rausch, Dejan Nickovic, Willibald Krenn, Gerti Kappel, Schahram Dustdar, Radu Grosu
CPS/IoT Ecosystem: a platform for research and education Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 14th Workshop on Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems Education (WESE 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Isakovic2018cpsiot,
title = {CPS/IoT Ecosystem: a platform for research and education},
author = {Haris Isakovic and Denise Ratasich and Christian Hirsch and Michael Platzer and Bernhard Wally and Thomas Rausch and Dejan Nickovic and Willibald Krenn and Gerti Kappel and Schahram Dustdar and Radu Grosu},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330542164_CPSIoT_Ecosystem_A_platform_for_research_and_education},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-05},
urldate = {2018-10-05},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th Workshop on Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems Education (WESE 2018)},
abstract = {The CPS/IoT Ecosystem project aims to build an IoT infrastructure that will be used as a platform for research and education in multiple disciplines related to CPS and IoT. The main objective is to provide a real-world infrastructure, and allow students and researchers explore its capabilities on actual use cases.},
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The CPS/IoT Ecosystem project aims to build an IoT infrastructure that will be used as a platform for research and education in multiple disciplines related to CPS and IoT. The main objective is to provide a real-world infrastructure, and allow students and researchers explore its capabilities on actual use cases.
Wael Kessentini, Houari A. Sahraoui, Manuel Wimmer
Automated Co-Evolution of Metamodels and Transformation Rules: A Search-Based Approach Proceedings Article
In: Colanzi, Thelma Elita; McMinn, Phil (Ed.): Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE 2018), Montpellier, France, September 8-9, 2018, pp. 229–245, Springer, 2018.
@inproceedings{Kessentini2018ace,
title = {Automated Co-Evolution of Metamodels and Transformation Rules: A Search-Based Approach},
author = {Wael Kessentini and Houari A. Sahraoui and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Thelma Elita Colanzi and Phil McMinn},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99241-9_12},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-99241-9_12},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-09-09},
urldate = {2018-09-09},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE 2018), Montpellier, France, September 8-9, 2018},
volume = {11036},
pages = {229--245},
publisher = {Springer},
series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
abstract = {Metamodels frequently change over time by adding new concepts or changing existing ones to keep track with the evolving problem domain they aim to capture. This evolution process impacts several depending artifacts such as model instances, constraints, as well as transformation rules. As a consequence, these artifacts have to be co-evolved to ensure their conformance with new metamodel versions. While several studies addressed the problem of metamodel/- model co-evolution3, the co-evolution of metamodels and transformation rules has been less studied. Currently, programmers have to manually change model transformations to make them consistent with the new metamodel versions which require the detection of which transformations to modify and how to properly change them. In this paper, we propose a novel search-based approach to recommend transformation rule changes to make transformations coherent with the new metamodel versions by finding a trade-off between maximizing the coverage of metamodel changes and minimizing the number of static errors in the transformation and the number of applied changes to the transformation. We implemented our approach for the ATLAS Transformation Language (ATL) and validated the proposed approach on four co-evolution case studies.We demonstrate the outperformance of our approach by comparing the quality of the automatically generated co-evolution solutions by NSGA-II with manually revised transformations, one mono-objective algorithm, and random search.},
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Metamodels frequently change over time by adding new concepts or changing existing ones to keep track with the evolving problem domain they aim to capture. This evolution process impacts several depending artifacts such as model instances, constraints, as well as transformation rules. As a consequence, these artifacts have to be co-evolved to ensure their conformance with new metamodel versions. While several studies addressed the problem of metamodel/- model co-evolution3, the co-evolution of metamodels and transformation rules has been less studied. Currently, programmers have to manually change model transformations to make them consistent with the new metamodel versions which require the detection of which transformations to modify and how to properly change them. In this paper, we propose a novel search-based approach to recommend transformation rule changes to make transformations coherent with the new metamodel versions by finding a trade-off between maximizing the coverage of metamodel changes and minimizing the number of static errors in the transformation and the number of applied changes to the transformation. We implemented our approach for the ATLAS Transformation Language (ATL) and validated the proposed approach on four co-evolution case studies.We demonstrate the outperformance of our approach by comparing the quality of the automatically generated co-evolution solutions by NSGA-II with manually revised transformations, one mono-objective algorithm, and random search.
Bernhard Wally, Christian Huemer, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
A Variability Information Model for OPC UA Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Wally2018Variability,
title = {A Variability Information Model for OPC UA},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Christian Huemer and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8502502
},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-09-06},
urldate = {2018-09-06},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2018)},
abstract = {OPC Unified Architecture (UA) is a powerful technology for modeling and instantiating domain-specific information in a standardized manner. Its initial application scenario is in the domain of automated production systems, that increasingly have to deal with variability information, (i) regarding the products being manufactured and (ii) regarding the production systems themselves. In this work we propose a non-intrusive OPC UA information model for the modeling and querying of variability information using feature models, which are a well-known paradigm in the management of software product lines. Our information model can be applied “aside” existing domain information without interfering with their internal structure.},
keywords = {},
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OPC Unified Architecture (UA) is a powerful technology for modeling and instantiating domain-specific information in a standardized manner. Its initial application scenario is in the domain of automated production systems, that increasingly have to deal with variability information, (i) regarding the products being manufactured and (ii) regarding the production systems themselves. In this work we propose a non-intrusive OPC UA information model for the modeling and querying of variability information using feature models, which are a well-known paradigm in the management of software product lines. Our information model can be applied “aside” existing domain information without interfering with their internal structure.
Arndt Lueder, Manuel Wimmer
Modelling Consistency Rules within Production System Engineering Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Lueder2018mcr,
title = {Modelling Consistency Rules within Production System Engineering},
author = {Arndt Lueder and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8560537},
doi = {10.1109/COASE.2018.8560537},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-24},
urldate = {2018-08-24},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2018)},
abstract = {The engineering of control systems is an essential part within the engineering of production systems cumulating various predecessor engineering activities. Therefore a high data quality of the predecessor activities has to be ensured especially avoiding inconsistencies between provided sets of engineering data. Within this paper, a methodology is sketched applicable to model engineering discipline crossing consistency rules to enable an automatic evaluation for consistency management. It is based on the use of AutomationML as production system modelling language but can be generalized to further modelling means.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The engineering of control systems is an essential part within the engineering of production systems cumulating various predecessor engineering activities. Therefore a high data quality of the predecessor activities has to be ensured especially avoiding inconsistencies between provided sets of engineering data. Within this paper, a methodology is sketched applicable to model engineering discipline crossing consistency rules to enable an automatic evaluation for consistency management. It is based on the use of AutomationML as production system modelling language but can be generalized to further modelling means.
Manuel Wimmer, Alexandra Mazak
From AutomationML to AutomationQL: A By-Example Query Language for CPPS Engineering Models Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Wimmer2018amlaql,
title = {From AutomationML to AutomationQL: A By-Example Query Language for CPPS Engineering Models},
author = {Manuel Wimmer and Alexandra Mazak},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8560448},
doi = {10.1109/COASE.2018.8560448},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-24},
urldate = {2018-08-24},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2018)},
abstract = {Model-based engineering is an emerging paradigm to deal with the complexity of multi-disciplinary engineering in CPPS projects. In such projects, different kinds of models are created during the lifecycle of a production system. AutomationML is a promising standard to provide a unifying format to represent and connect the different engineering models. Dedicated tool support has been developed for AutomationML in the last years to create and evolve models. However, when it comes to querying AutomationML models, implementation-related query languages have to be currently used. These languages have a certain complexity as they are not directly based on the concepts of AutomationML but on the underlying technological concepts and encodings of AutomationML. This often hinders the formulation of automatically executable queries by domain experts.
In this paper, we propose a dedicated query language for AutomationML called Automation Query Language (AutomationQL) which is directly derived from AutomationML. Using this query language, queries can be defined in a by-example manner which allows engineers to formulate queries in terms of AutomationML concepts instead of switching to an implementation-oriented query language. We illustrate how AutomationQL is defined, how queries can be formulated as well as how tool support is provided to automatically evaluate the queries and represent their results. Finally, we contrast our solution with existing query languages and derive a roadmap for future research on AutomationQL.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
Model-based engineering is an emerging paradigm to deal with the complexity of multi-disciplinary engineering in CPPS projects. In such projects, different kinds of models are created during the lifecycle of a production system. AutomationML is a promising standard to provide a unifying format to represent and connect the different engineering models. Dedicated tool support has been developed for AutomationML in the last years to create and evolve models. However, when it comes to querying AutomationML models, implementation-related query languages have to be currently used. These languages have a certain complexity as they are not directly based on the concepts of AutomationML but on the underlying technological concepts and encodings of AutomationML. This often hinders the formulation of automatically executable queries by domain experts.
In this paper, we propose a dedicated query language for AutomationML called Automation Query Language (AutomationQL) which is directly derived from AutomationML. Using this query language, queries can be defined in a by-example manner which allows engineers to formulate queries in terms of AutomationML concepts instead of switching to an implementation-oriented query language. We illustrate how AutomationQL is defined, how queries can be formulated as well as how tool support is provided to automatically evaluate the queries and represent their results. Finally, we contrast our solution with existing query languages and derive a roadmap for future research on AutomationQL.
In this paper, we propose a dedicated query language for AutomationML called Automation Query Language (AutomationQL) which is directly derived from AutomationML. Using this query language, queries can be defined in a by-example manner which allows engineers to formulate queries in terms of AutomationML concepts instead of switching to an implementation-oriented query language. We illustrate how AutomationQL is defined, how queries can be formulated as well as how tool support is provided to automatically evaluate the queries and represent their results. Finally, we contrast our solution with existing query languages and derive a roadmap for future research on AutomationQL.
Bernhard Wally, Christian Huemer, Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
AutomationML, ISA-95 and Others: Rendezvous in the OPC UA Universe Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2018), 2018.
@inproceedings{Wally2018Rendenvous,
title = {AutomationML, ISA-95 and Others: Rendezvous in the OPC UA Universe},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Christian Huemer and Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8560600},
doi = {10.1109/COASE.2018.8560600},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-20},
urldate = {2018-08-20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2018)},
abstract = {OPC Unified Architecture (UA) is a powerful and versatile platform for hosting information from a large variety of domains. In some cases, the domain-specific information models provide overlapping information, such as (i) different views on a specific entity or (ii) different levels of detail of a single entity. Emerging from a multi-disciplinary engineering process, these different views can stem from various tools that have been used to deal with that entity, or from different stages in an engineering process, e.g., from requirements engineering over system design and implementation to operations. In this work, we provide a small but expressive set of OPC UA reference types that unobtrusively allow the persistent instantiation of additional knowledge with respect to relations between OPC UA nodes. We will show the application of these reference types on the basis of a rendezvous of AutomationML and ISA-95 in an OPC UA server.},
keywords = {},
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}
OPC Unified Architecture (UA) is a powerful and versatile platform for hosting information from a large variety of domains. In some cases, the domain-specific information models provide overlapping information, such as (i) different views on a specific entity or (ii) different levels of detail of a single entity. Emerging from a multi-disciplinary engineering process, these different views can stem from various tools that have been used to deal with that entity, or from different stages in an engineering process, e.g., from requirements engineering over system design and implementation to operations. In this work, we provide a small but expressive set of OPC UA reference types that unobtrusively allow the persistent instantiation of additional knowledge with respect to relations between OPC UA nodes. We will show the application of these reference types on the basis of a rendezvous of AutomationML and ISA-95 in an OPC UA server.
Dorian Leroy, Erwan Bousse, A. Megna, Benoit Combemale, Manuel Wimmer
Trace Comprehension Operators for Executable DSLs Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 14th European Conference on Modelling Foundations and Applications (ECMFA 2018), pp. 293-310, 2018, ISBN: 978-3-319-92996-5.
@inproceedings{Leroy2018tco,
title = {Trace Comprehension Operators for Executable DSLs},
author = {Dorian Leroy and Erwan Bousse and A. Megna and Benoit Combemale and Manuel Wimmer},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-92997-2_19},
isbn = {978-3-319-92996-5},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-06-28},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th European Conference on Modelling Foundations and Applications (ECMFA 2018)},
pages = {293-310},
abstract = {Recent approaches contribute facilities to breathe life into metamodels, thus making behavioral models directly executable. Such facilities are particularly helpful to better utilize a model over the time dimension, e.g., for early validation and verification. However, when even a small change is made to the model, to the language definition (e.g., semantic variation points), or to the external stimuli of an execution scenario, it remains difficult for a designer to grasp the impact of such a change on the resulting execution trace. This prevents accessible trade-off analysis and design-space exploration on behavioral models. In this paper, we propose a set of formally defined operators for analyzing execution traces. The operators include dynamic trace filtering, trace comparison with diff computation and visualization, and graph-based view extraction to analyze cycles. The operators are applied and validated on a demonstrative example that highlight their usefulness for the comprehension specific aspects of the underlying traces.},
keywords = {},
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}
Recent approaches contribute facilities to breathe life into metamodels, thus making behavioral models directly executable. Such facilities are particularly helpful to better utilize a model over the time dimension, e.g., for early validation and verification. However, when even a small change is made to the model, to the language definition (e.g., semantic variation points), or to the external stimuli of an execution scenario, it remains difficult for a designer to grasp the impact of such a change on the resulting execution trace. This prevents accessible trade-off analysis and design-space exploration on behavioral models. In this paper, we propose a set of formally defined operators for analyzing execution traces. The operators include dynamic trace filtering, trace comparison with diff computation and visualization, and graph-based view extraction to analyze cycles. The operators are applied and validated on a demonstrative example that highlight their usefulness for the comprehension specific aspects of the underlying traces.
Loli Burgueño, Tanja Mayerhofer, Manuel Wimmer, Antonio Vallecillo
Using Physical Quantities in Robot Software Models Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE@ICSE 2018), pp. 23-28, 2018.
@inproceedings{wimmer2018,
title = {Using Physical Quantities in Robot Software Models},
author = {Loli Burgueño and Tanja Mayerhofer and Manuel Wimmer and Antonio Vallecillo},
doi = {10.1145/3196558.3196562},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-05-28},
urldate = {2018-05-28},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE@ICSE 2018)},
pages = {23-28},
abstract = {One of the challenges of modeling any software application that deals with real-world physical systems resides in the correct representation of numerical values and their units. This paper shows how both measurement uncertainty and units can be effectively incorporated into software models, becoming part of their basic type systems, and illustrates this approach in the particular case of a robot language. We show how our approach allows robot modelers to safely represent and manipulate units and measurement uncertainties of the robots and their elements in a natural manner, statically ensuring unit-safe assignments and operations, as well as the propagation of uncertainty in the computations of derived attributes and operations.
},
keywords = {},
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One of the challenges of modeling any software application that deals with real-world physical systems resides in the correct representation of numerical values and their units. This paper shows how both measurement uncertainty and units can be effectively incorporated into software models, becoming part of their basic type systems, and illustrates this approach in the particular case of a robot language. We show how our approach allows robot modelers to safely represent and manipulate units and measurement uncertainties of the robots and their elements in a natural manner, statically ensuring unit-safe assignments and operations, as well as the propagation of uncertainty in the computations of derived attributes and operations.
Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer, Polina Patsuk-Boesch
Execution-based Model Profiling Proceedings Article
In: Post-Proceedings of the6th International Symposium on Data-Driven Process Discovery and Analysis, pp. 37-52, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2018, ISBN: 978-3-319-74160-4.
@inproceedings{Mazak2017ebmp,
title = {Execution-based Model Profiling},
author = {Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer and Polina Patsuk-Boesch},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-74161-1_3},
isbn = {978-3-319-74160-4},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-26},
urldate = {2018-01-26},
booktitle = {Post-Proceedings of the6th International Symposium on Data-Driven Process Discovery and Analysis},
volume = {307},
pages = {37-52},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
address = {Cham},
series = {Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing},
abstract = {In model-driven engineering (MDE), models are mostly used in prescriptive ways for system engineering. While prescriptive models are indeed an important ingredient to realize a system, for later phases in the systems’ lifecycles additional model types are beneficial to use. Unfortunately, current MDE approaches mostly neglect the information upstream in terms of descriptive models from operations to (re)design phases. To tackle this limitation, we propose execution-based model profiling as a continuous process to improve prescriptive models at design-time through runtime information. This approach incorporates knowledge in terms of model profiles from execution logs of the running system. To accomplish this, we combine techniques of process mining with runtime models of MDE. In the course of a case study, we make use of a traffic light system example to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of the introduced execution-based model profiling approach.
},
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tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In model-driven engineering (MDE), models are mostly used in prescriptive ways for system engineering. While prescriptive models are indeed an important ingredient to realize a system, for later phases in the systems’ lifecycles additional model types are beneficial to use. Unfortunately, current MDE approaches mostly neglect the information upstream in terms of descriptive models from operations to (re)design phases. To tackle this limitation, we propose execution-based model profiling as a continuous process to improve prescriptive models at design-time through runtime information. This approach incorporates knowledge in terms of model profiles from execution logs of the running system. To accomplish this, we combine techniques of process mining with runtime models of MDE. In the course of a case study, we make use of a traffic light system example to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of the introduced execution-based model profiling approach.
Federico Ciccozzi, Michalis Famelis, Gerti Kappel, Leen Lambers, Sébastien Mosser, Richard F. Paige, Alfonso Pierantonio, Arend Rensink, Rick Salay, Gabi Taentzer, Antonio Vallecillo, Manuel Wimmer
How do we teach modelling and model-driven engineering?: a survey Proceedings Article
In: Babur, Önder; Strüber, Daniel; Abrahão, Silvia; Burgueño, Loli; Gogolla, Martin; Greenyer, Joel; Kokaly, Sahar; Kolovos, Dimitris S.; Mayerhofer, Tanja; Zahedi, Mansooreh (Ed.): Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: Companion Proceedings, MODELS 2018, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 14-19, 2018, pp. 122–129, ACM, 2018.
@inproceedings{Wimmer2018,
title = {How do we teach modelling and model-driven engineering?: a survey},
author = {Federico Ciccozzi and Michalis Famelis and Gerti Kappel and Leen Lambers and Sébastien Mosser and Richard F. Paige and Alfonso Pierantonio and Arend Rensink and Rick Salay and Gabi Taentzer and Antonio Vallecillo and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Önder Babur and Daniel Strüber and Silvia Abrahão and Loli Burgueño and Martin Gogolla and Joel Greenyer and Sahar Kokaly and Dimitris S. Kolovos and Tanja Mayerhofer and Mansooreh Zahedi},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3270112.3270129},
doi = {10.1145/3270112.3270129},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model
Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: Companion Proceedings, MODELS
2018, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 14-19, 2018},
pages = {122--129},
publisher = {ACM},
abstract = {Understanding the experiences of instructors teaching modelling and model-driven engineering is of great relevance to determining how MDE courses should be managed in terms of content, assessment, and teaching methods. In this paper, we report the results of a survey of 47 instructors in this field. Questions address course content, tools and technologies used, as well as positive and negative factors affecting learning outcomes. We analyse the results and summarise key findings with the potential of improving the state of teaching and learning practices. The survey is a preliminary effort in giving a structured overview on the state-of-the-practice within teaching modeling and model-driven engineering (from the point of view of the instructor).
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Understanding the experiences of instructors teaching modelling and model-driven engineering is of great relevance to determining how MDE courses should be managed in terms of content, assessment, and teaching methods. In this paper, we report the results of a survey of 47 instructors in this field. Questions address course content, tools and technologies used, as well as positive and negative factors affecting learning outcomes. We analyse the results and summarise key findings with the potential of improving the state of teaching and learning practices. The survey is a preliminary effort in giving a structured overview on the state-of-the-practice within teaching modeling and model-driven engineering (from the point of view of the instructor).
Christian Huemer, Gerti Kappel, Manuel Wimmer, Henderik A. Proper, Siegfried Reich, Wernher Behrendt, Stefan Thalmann, Georg Weichhart, Alois Zoitl
Interoperability and Integration in Future Production Systems Proceedings Article
In: Proper, Henderik A.; Strecker, Stefan; Huemer, Christian; Feltus, Christophe; Guédria, Wided; Razo-Zapata, Iván S.; Brichni, Manel; Rozier, David; Komarov, Mikhail M.; Maltseva, Svetlana V.; Guerreiro, Sérgio (Ed.): 20th IEEE Conference on Business Informatics, CBI 2018, Vienna, Austria, July 11-14, 2018, Volume 2 - Research-in-Progress Papers and Workshops, pp. 175-177, IEEE Computer Society, 2018, ISBN: 2378-1971.
@inproceedings{wimmer2018,
title = {Interoperability and Integration in Future Production Systems},
author = {Christian Huemer and Gerti Kappel and Manuel Wimmer and Henderik A. Proper and Siegfried Reich and Wernher Behrendt and Stefan Thalmann and Georg Weichhart and Alois Zoitl},
editor = {Henderik A. Proper and Stefan Strecker and Christian Huemer and Christophe Feltus and Wided Guédria and Iván S. Razo-Zapata and Manel Brichni and David Rozier and Mikhail M. Komarov and Svetlana V. Maltseva and Sérgio Guerreiro},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/CBI.2018.10067},
doi = {10.1109/CBI.2018.10067},
isbn = {2378-1971},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
booktitle = {20th IEEE Conference on Business Informatics, CBI 2018, Vienna, Austria, July 11-14, 2018, Volume 2 - Research-in-Progress Papers and Workshops},
pages = {175-177},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
abstract = {This panel discussion in the context of the IEEE International Conference of Business Informatics (CBI2018) focuses on topics that allow systems to interact and exchange information. Every system in this context has its own world model. Interactions between two systems will involve a partially shared model (including e.g. standard interfaces), and two detailed, private models.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This panel discussion in the context of the IEEE International Conference of Business Informatics (CBI2018) focuses on topics that allow systems to interact and exchange information. Every system in this context has its own world model. Interactions between two systems will involve a partially shared model (including e.g. standard interfaces), and two detailed, private models.
2017
Sabine Wolny, Alexandra Mazak, Rafael Konlechner, Manuel Wimmer
Towards Continuous Behavior Mining Proceedings Article
In: Ceravolo, Paolo; Keulen, Maurice; Stoffel, Kilian (Ed.): Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Data-driven Process Discovery and Analysis (SIMPDA 2017), Neuchâtel, Switzerland, December 6-8 2017, pp. 149-150, CEUR-WS.org, 2017, ISSN: 1613-0073.
@inproceedings{Wolny2017,
title = {Towards Continuous Behavior Mining},
author = {Sabine Wolny and Alexandra Mazak and Rafael Konlechner and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Paolo Ceravolo and Maurice Keulen and Kilian Stoffel},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2016/paper13.pdf},
issn = {1613-0073},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-12-07},
urldate = {2017-12-07},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Data-driven Process Discovery and Analysis (SIMPDA 2017), Neuchâtel, Switzerland, December 6-8 2017},
volume = {2016},
pages = {149-150},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
abstract = {With new advances in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT), more and more discrete software controllers interact with continuous physical systems. Workflow models are a classical approach to define controllers. However, the effect of the associated actions that are activated by executing the workflow may not spontaneously be realized but have to be realized over time. Generally, behavioral model elements such as activities in workflow languages are displayed mostly as black box, meaning that it is not possible to trace variable changes over time in most of the classical modeling approaches. In this paper, we introduce an envisioned architecture to cope with this challenge.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
With new advances in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT), more and more discrete software controllers interact with continuous physical systems. Workflow models are a classical approach to define controllers. However, the effect of the associated actions that are activated by executing the workflow may not spontaneously be realized but have to be realized over time. Generally, behavioral model elements such as activities in workflow languages are displayed mostly as black box, meaning that it is not possible to trace variable changes over time in most of the classical modeling approaches. In this paper, we introduce an envisioned architecture to cope with this challenge.
Bernhard Wally, Christian Huemer, Alexandra Mazak
Aligning Business Services with Production Services: The Case of REA and ISA-95 Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Service Oriented Computing and Applications (SOCA 2017), 2017.
@inproceedings{Wally2017abs,
title = {Aligning Business Services with Production Services: The Case of REA and ISA-95},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Christian Huemer and Alexandra Mazak},
doi = {10.1109/SOCA.2017.10},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-11-22},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Service Oriented Computing and Applications (SOCA 2017)},
abstract = {"Industrie 4.0" aims at flexible production networks that require horizontal integration across companies. Evidently, any production related information exchanged in the network must be vertically forwarded to the corresponding service endpoints of the local production system. Accordingly, there is a need to align information that flows between companies and within each company. The Resource-Event-Agent (REA) business ontology describes a metamodel for internal business activities (e.g., production) and for inter-organizational exchange constellations on the enterprise resource planning (ERP) level. ISA-95 is a series of standards targeting the integration of enterprise control systems on the interface between ERP systems and manufacturing execution systems. Consequently, we align elements of REA and ISA-95 and define conversion rules for the transformation of elements from one system to the other. By interleaving the semantics of both standards, we formally strengthen the links between the services of the business level and the production level, and support multi-system adaptation in flexible production environments.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
"Industrie 4.0" aims at flexible production networks that require horizontal integration across companies. Evidently, any production related information exchanged in the network must be vertically forwarded to the corresponding service endpoints of the local production system. Accordingly, there is a need to align information that flows between companies and within each company. The Resource-Event-Agent (REA) business ontology describes a metamodel for internal business activities (e.g., production) and for inter-organizational exchange constellations on the enterprise resource planning (ERP) level. ISA-95 is a series of standards targeting the integration of enterprise control systems on the interface between ERP systems and manufacturing execution systems. Consequently, we align elements of REA and ISA-95 and define conversion rules for the transformation of elements from one system to the other. By interleaving the semantics of both standards, we formally strengthen the links between the services of the business level and the production level, and support multi-system adaptation in flexible production environments.
Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer
Sequence Pattern Mining: Automatisches Erkennen und Auswerten von Interaktionsmustern zwischen technischen Assets basierend auf SysML-Sequenzdiagrammen Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of Tag des Software Engineerings (TdSE 2017), Paderborn, 2017.
@inproceedings{Mazak2017tdse,
title = {Sequence Pattern Mining: Automatisches Erkennen und Auswerten von Interaktionsmustern zwischen technischen Assets basierend auf SysML-Sequenzdiagrammen},
author = {Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/epdf/10.3139/9783446455467.016
},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-11-09},
urldate = {2017-11-09},
booktitle = {Proceedings of Tag des Software Engineerings (TdSE 2017)},
address = {Paderborn},
abstract = {Mit Industrie 4.0 erhalten physische Systeme eine virtuelle Repräsentation um über das Internet der Dinge mit anderen Komponenten kommunizieren zu können. Dabei setzen I4.0-Systeme die Interaktionsfähigkeit der verwendeten Komponenten voraus. Wir zeigen wie SysML-Sequenzdiagramme als Teilmodelle der Verwaltungsschale von I4.0-Komponenten genutzt werden können, um den Nachrichtenaustausch zwischen Komponenten zu visualisieren und um daraus Interaktionsmuster zu erkennen. Bei diesem Vorgang, den wir „Sequence Pattern Mining“ nennen, werden Interaktionsmodelle erzeugt, um daraus das Laufzeitverhalten von Systemkomponenten analysieren zu können.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Mit Industrie 4.0 erhalten physische Systeme eine virtuelle Repräsentation um über das Internet der Dinge mit anderen Komponenten kommunizieren zu können. Dabei setzen I4.0-Systeme die Interaktionsfähigkeit der verwendeten Komponenten voraus. Wir zeigen wie SysML-Sequenzdiagramme als Teilmodelle der Verwaltungsschale von I4.0-Komponenten genutzt werden können, um den Nachrichtenaustausch zwischen Komponenten zu visualisieren und um daraus Interaktionsmuster zu erkennen. Bei diesem Vorgang, den wir „Sequence Pattern Mining“ nennen, werden Interaktionsmodelle erzeugt, um daraus das Laufzeitverhalten von Systemkomponenten analysieren zu können.
Robert Bill, Patrick Neubauer, Manuel Wimmer
Virtual Textual Model Composition for Supporting Versioning and Aspect-Orientation Proceedings Article
In: Combemale, Benoît; Mernik, Marjan; Rumpe, Bernhard (Ed.): Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE), Vancouver, BC, Canada, October 23-24 2017, pp. 67-78, ACM, 2017.
@inproceedings{Wimmer23.1,
title = {Virtual Textual Model Composition for Supporting Versioning and Aspect-Orientation},
author = {Robert Bill and Patrick Neubauer and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Benoît Combemale and Marjan Mernik and Bernhard Rumpe},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3136014.3136037},
doi = {10.1145/3136014.3136037},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-10-20},
urldate = {2017-10-20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE), Vancouver, BC, Canada, October 23-24 2017},
pages = {67-78},
publisher = {ACM},
abstract = {The maintenance of modern systems often requires developers to perform complex and error-prone cognitive tasks, which are caused by the obscurity, redundancy, and irrelevancy of code, distracting from essential maintenance tasks. Typical maintenance scenarios include multiple branches of code in repositories, which involves dealing with branch-interdependent changes, and aspects in aspect-oriented development, which requires in-depth knowledge of behavior-interdependent changes. Thus, merging branched files as well as validating the behavior of statically composed code requires developers to conduct exhaustive individual introspection.
In this work we present VirtualEdit for associative, commutative, and invertible model composition. It allows simultaneous editing of multiple model versions or variants through dynamically derived virtual models. We implemented the approach in terms of an open-source framework that enables multi-version editing and aspect-orientation by selectively focusing on specific parts of code, which are significant for a particular engineering task.
The VirtualEdit framework is evaluated based on its application to the most popular publicly available Xtext-based languages. Our results indicate that VirtualEdit can be applied to existing languages with reasonably low effort.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The maintenance of modern systems often requires developers to perform complex and error-prone cognitive tasks, which are caused by the obscurity, redundancy, and irrelevancy of code, distracting from essential maintenance tasks. Typical maintenance scenarios include multiple branches of code in repositories, which involves dealing with branch-interdependent changes, and aspects in aspect-oriented development, which requires in-depth knowledge of behavior-interdependent changes. Thus, merging branched files as well as validating the behavior of statically composed code requires developers to conduct exhaustive individual introspection.
In this work we present VirtualEdit for associative, commutative, and invertible model composition. It allows simultaneous editing of multiple model versions or variants through dynamically derived virtual models. We implemented the approach in terms of an open-source framework that enables multi-version editing and aspect-orientation by selectively focusing on specific parts of code, which are significant for a particular engineering task.
The VirtualEdit framework is evaluated based on its application to the most popular publicly available Xtext-based languages. Our results indicate that VirtualEdit can be applied to existing languages with reasonably low effort.
In this work we present VirtualEdit for associative, commutative, and invertible model composition. It allows simultaneous editing of multiple model versions or variants through dynamically derived virtual models. We implemented the approach in terms of an open-source framework that enables multi-version editing and aspect-orientation by selectively focusing on specific parts of code, which are significant for a particular engineering task.
The VirtualEdit framework is evaluated based on its application to the most popular publicly available Xtext-based languages. Our results indicate that VirtualEdit can be applied to existing languages with reasonably low effort.
Dorian Leroy, Manuel Wimmer, Erwan Bousse, Benoît Combemale, Wieland Schwinger
Create and Play Your Pac-Man Game with the GEMOC Studio Proceedings Article
In: Burgueño, Loli; Corley, Jonathan; Bencomo, Nelly; Clarke, Peter J.; Collet, Philippe; Famelis, Michalis; Ghosh, Sudipto; Gogolla, Martin; Greenyer, Joel; Guerra, Esther; Kokaly, Sahar; Pierantonio, Alfonso; Rubin, Julia; Ruscio, Davide Di (Ed.): Proceedings of MODELS 2017 Satellite Event: Workshops (ModComp, ME, EXE, COMMitMDE, MRT, MULTI, GEMOC, MoDeVVa, MDETools, FlexMDE, MDEbug), Posters, Doctoral Symposium, Educator Symposium, ACM Student Research Competition, and Tools and Demonstrations co-located with ACM/IEEE 20th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2017), Austin, TX, USA, September 17, pp. 84–87, CEUR-WS.org, 2017.
@inproceedings{Leroy2017pacman,
title = {Create and Play Your Pac-Man Game with the GEMOC Studio},
author = {Dorian Leroy and Manuel Wimmer and Erwan Bousse and Benoît Combemale and Wieland Schwinger},
editor = {Loli Burgueño and Jonathan Corley and Nelly Bencomo and Peter J. Clarke and Philippe Collet and Michalis Famelis and Sudipto Ghosh and Martin Gogolla and Joel Greenyer and Esther Guerra and Sahar Kokaly and Alfonso Pierantonio and Julia Rubin and Davide Di Ruscio},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2019/exe_1.pdf},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-18},
urldate = {2017-09-18},
booktitle = {Proceedings of MODELS 2017 Satellite Event: Workshops (ModComp, ME, EXE, COMMitMDE, MRT, MULTI, GEMOC, MoDeVVa, MDETools, FlexMDE,
MDEbug), Posters, Doctoral Symposium, Educator Symposium, ACM Student Research Competition, and Tools and Demonstrations co-located with
ACM/IEEE 20th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2017), Austin, TX, USA, September 17},
volume = {2019},
pages = {84--87},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
abstract = {Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are used for defining the behaviors of systems. The operational semantics of such DSLs may define how conforming models react to stimuli from their environment. This commonly requires adapting the semantics to define both the possible domainlevel stimuli, and their handling during the execution. However, manually adapting the semantics for such cross-cutting concern is a complex and error-prone task. In this paper, we present an approach and a tool addressing this problem by augmenting the operational semantics for handling stimuli, and by automatically generating a complete behavioral language interface from this augmentation. At runtime, this interface can receive stimuli sent to models, and can safely handle them by interrupting the execution flow. This tool has been developed for the GEMOC Studio, a language and modeling workbench for executable DSLs. We demonstrate how it can be used to implement a Pac-Man DSL enabling the creation and execution of Pac-Man games. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are used for defining the behaviors of systems. The operational semantics of such DSLs may define how conforming models react to stimuli from their environment. This commonly requires adapting the semantics to define both the possible domainlevel stimuli, and their handling during the execution. However, manually adapting the semantics for such cross-cutting concern is a complex and error-prone task. In this paper, we present an approach and a tool addressing this problem by augmenting the operational semantics for handling stimuli, and by automatically generating a complete behavioral language interface from this augmentation. At runtime, this interface can receive stimuli sent to models, and can safely handle them by interrupting the execution flow. This tool has been developed for the GEMOC Studio, a language and modeling workbench for executable DSLs. We demonstrate how it can be used to implement a Pac-Man DSL enabling the creation and execution of Pac-Man games.
Erwan Bousse, Tanja Mayerhofer, Manuel Wimmer
Domain-level Debugging for Compiled DSLs with the GEMOC Studio Proceedings Article
In: Burgueño, Loli; Corley, Jonathan; Bencomo, Nelly; Clarke, Peter J.; Collet, Philippe; Famelis, Michalis; Ghosh, Sudipto; Gogolla, Martin; Greenyer, Joel; Guerra, Esther; Kokaly, Sahar; Pierantonio, Alfonso; Rubin, Julia; Ruscio, Davide Di (Ed.): Proceedings of MODELS 2017 Satellite Event: Workshops (ModComp, ME, EXE, COMMitMDE, MRT, MULTI, GEMOC, MoDeVVa, MDETools, FlexMDE, MDEbug), Posters, Doctoral Symposium, Educator Symposium, ACM Student Research Competition, and Tools and Demonstrations co-located with ACM/IEEE 20th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2017), Austin, TX, USA, September 17, pp. 457-459, CEUR-WS.org, 2017.
@inproceedings{Bousse2017dld,
title = {Domain-level Debugging for Compiled DSLs with the GEMOC Studio},
author = {Erwan Bousse and Tanja Mayerhofer and Manuel Wimmer},
editor = {Loli Burgueño and Jonathan Corley and Nelly Bencomo and Peter J. Clarke and Philippe Collet and Michalis Famelis and Sudipto Ghosh and Martin Gogolla and Joel Greenyer and Esther Guerra and Sahar Kokaly and Alfonso Pierantonio and Julia Rubin and Davide Di Ruscio},
url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2019/mdebug_3.pdf},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-18},
urldate = {2017-09-18},
booktitle = {Proceedings of MODELS 2017 Satellite Event: Workshops (ModComp, ME, EXE, COMMitMDE, MRT, MULTI, GEMOC, MoDeVVa, MDETools, FlexMDE,
MDEbug), Posters, Doctoral Symposium, Educator Symposium, ACM Student Research Competition, and Tools and Demonstrations co-located with
ACM/IEEE 20th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2017), Austin, TX, USA, September 17},
volume = {2019},
pages = {457-459},
publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
abstract = {Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are commonly defined with either operational semantics (i.e., interpretation) or translational semantics (i.e., compilation). An interpreted DSL relies on domain concepts to specify the possible execution states and steps of conforming models, which facilitates the observation and control of the execution using the very same domain concepts. In contrast, a compiled DSL relies on a transformation to an arbitrarily different executable target language, which creates a conceptual and technical gap between the considered domain and the target domain. In this
tool demonstration paper, we present the implementation of our approach to supplement a compiled DSL with a feedback manager, which during execution translates execution steps and states of the target model back to the source domain. This enables the development and use of tools such as an omniscient debugger and a trace constructor for debugging compiled models. Our implementation was achieved for the GEMOC Studio, a language and modeling workbench that provides generic model debugging tools for interpreted DSLs. With our approach, these debugging tools can be also used for compiled DSLs. Our demonstration features the definition of a feedback manager for a subset of fUML that compiles to Petri nets.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are commonly defined with either operational semantics (i.e., interpretation) or translational semantics (i.e., compilation). An interpreted DSL relies on domain concepts to specify the possible execution states and steps of conforming models, which facilitates the observation and control of the execution using the very same domain concepts. In contrast, a compiled DSL relies on a transformation to an arbitrarily different executable target language, which creates a conceptual and technical gap between the considered domain and the target domain. In this
tool demonstration paper, we present the implementation of our approach to supplement a compiled DSL with a feedback manager, which during execution translates execution steps and states of the target model back to the source domain. This enables the development and use of tools such as an omniscient debugger and a trace constructor for debugging compiled models. Our implementation was achieved for the GEMOC Studio, a language and modeling workbench that provides generic model debugging tools for interpreted DSLs. With our approach, these debugging tools can be also used for compiled DSLs. Our demonstration features the definition of a feedback manager for a subset of fUML that compiles to Petri nets.
tool demonstration paper, we present the implementation of our approach to supplement a compiled DSL with a feedback manager, which during execution translates execution steps and states of the target model back to the source domain. This enables the development and use of tools such as an omniscient debugger and a trace constructor for debugging compiled models. Our implementation was achieved for the GEMOC Studio, a language and modeling workbench that provides generic model debugging tools for interpreted DSLs. With our approach, these debugging tools can be also used for compiled DSLs. Our demonstration features the definition of a feedback manager for a subset of fUML that compiles to Petri nets.
Manuel Wimmer, Petr Novák, Radek Sindelár, Luca Berardinelli, Tanja Mayerhofer, Alexandra Mazak
Cardinality-Based Variability Modeling with AutomationML Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2017), Limassol, Cyprus, September 12-15 2017, pp. 1-4, IEEE, 2017.
@inproceedings{Wimmer2017cbvm,
title = {Cardinality-Based Variability Modeling with AutomationML},
author = {Manuel Wimmer and Petr Novák and Radek Sindelár and Luca Berardinelli and Tanja Mayerhofer and Alexandra Mazak},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2017.8247711},
doi = {10.1109/ETFA.2017.8247711},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-13},
urldate = {2017-09-13},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2017), Limassol, Cyprus, September 12-15 2017},
pages = {1-4},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {Variability modeling is an emerging topic in the general field of systems engineering and, with current trends such as Industrie 4.0, it gains more and more interest in the domain of production systems. Therefore, it is not sufficient to describe systems in several specific cases, but instead families of systems have to be used. In this paper we introduce a role class library for AutomationML to explicitly represent variability. This allows to exchange not only system descriptions but also system family descriptions. We argue for a light-weight extension of AutomationML. The variability-based modeling approach is based on cardinalities, which is a well-known concept from conceptual modeling and feature modeling. Furthermore, we also show how instantiations of variability models can be validated by our EMF-based AutomationML workbench.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Variability modeling is an emerging topic in the general field of systems engineering and, with current trends such as Industrie 4.0, it gains more and more interest in the domain of production systems. Therefore, it is not sufficient to describe systems in several specific cases, but instead families of systems have to be used. In this paper we introduce a role class library for AutomationML to explicitly represent variability. This allows to exchange not only system descriptions but also system family descriptions. We argue for a light-weight extension of AutomationML. The variability-based modeling approach is based on cardinalities, which is a well-known concept from conceptual modeling and feature modeling. Furthermore, we also show how instantiations of variability models can be validated by our EMF-based AutomationML workbench.
Petr Novák, Petr Kadera, Manuel Wimmer
Model-Based Engineering and Virtual Commissioning of Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Systems - Transportation System Case Study Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA 2017), Limassol, Cyprus, September 12-15 2017, pp. 1-4, IEEE, 2017.
@inproceedings{Novak2017mbe,
title = {Model-Based Engineering and Virtual Commissioning of Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Systems - Transportation System Case Study},
author = {Petr Novák and Petr Kadera and Manuel Wimmer},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2017.8247743},
doi = {10.1109/ETFA.2017.8247743},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-09-13},
urldate = {2017-09-13},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA 2017), Limassol, Cyprus, September 12-15 2017},
pages = {1-4},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {Emerging manufacturing systems are becoming complex while their engineering and ramp-up phases have to be as short as possible in order to decrease the reaction time to new market demands as well as to minimize production line down-times causing financial losses. Since engineering knowledge is not shared satisfactorily, virtual commissioning of industrial plants is very complicated. This paper contributes to a better synthesis and analysis of manufacturing lines by integrating the simulation of manufacturing systems with the tool Siemens Plant Simulation and their engineering with Schmid P'X5 Configurator for Montratec. The proposed approach is based on the model-based techniques and it is demonstrated on a laboratory-scaled use-case showing its efficiency.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Emerging manufacturing systems are becoming complex while their engineering and ramp-up phases have to be as short as possible in order to decrease the reaction time to new market demands as well as to minimize production line down-times causing financial losses. Since engineering knowledge is not shared satisfactorily, virtual commissioning of industrial plants is very complicated. This paper contributes to a better synthesis and analysis of manufacturing lines by integrating the simulation of manufacturing systems with the tool Siemens Plant Simulation and their engineering with Schmid P'X5 Configurator for Montratec. The proposed approach is based on the model-based techniques and it is demonstrated on a laboratory-scaled use-case showing its efficiency.
Petr Novák, Manuel Wimmer, Petr Kadera
Slicing Simulation Models into Co-Simulations Proceedings Article
In: Marík, Vladimír; Wahlster, Wolfgang; Strasser, Thomas I.; Kadera, Petr (Ed.): Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems (HoloMAS 2017), Lyon, France, August 28-30 2017, pp. 111-124, Springer, 2017.
@inproceedings{Novak2017ssm,
title = {Slicing Simulation Models into Co-Simulations},
author = {Petr Novák and Manuel Wimmer and Petr Kadera},
editor = {Vladimír Marík and Wolfgang Wahlster and Thomas I. Strasser and Petr Kadera},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64635-0_9},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-64635-0_9},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-08-28},
urldate = {2017-08-28},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems (HoloMAS 2017), Lyon, France, August 28-30 2017},
volume = {10444},
pages = {111-124},
publisher = {Springer},
series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
abstract = {The emerging generation of large-scale cyber-physical production systems, which represents a backbone of a trend denoted as Industrie 4.0, broadly adopts fundamentals laid by the multi-agent system paradigm. The joint roots of these concepts bring not only advantages such as flexibility, resilience or self-organization, but also severe issues such as difficult validation and verification of their behavior. Simulations are a well proven strategy facilitating these issues. Although simulations as virtual copies of real system behavior are useful test-beds for various experiments and optimizations along the entire industrial plant life-cycle, their design and integration are time-consuming and difficult. This paper proposes a new method to facilitate slicing of a monolithic simulation into a co-simulation, which is a simulation consisting of multiple inter-linked simulation units. The proposed method aims at specifying interfaces of the simulation units as well as routing signals for integrating the simulation units. The method improves engineering and re-design of co-simulations in terms of saving time and effort for creating and integrating complex co-simulations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The emerging generation of large-scale cyber-physical production systems, which represents a backbone of a trend denoted as Industrie 4.0, broadly adopts fundamentals laid by the multi-agent system paradigm. The joint roots of these concepts bring not only advantages such as flexibility, resilience or self-organization, but also severe issues such as difficult validation and verification of their behavior. Simulations are a well proven strategy facilitating these issues. Although simulations as virtual copies of real system behavior are useful test-beds for various experiments and optimizations along the entire industrial plant life-cycle, their design and integration are time-consuming and difficult. This paper proposes a new method to facilitate slicing of a monolithic simulation into a co-simulation, which is a simulation consisting of multiple inter-linked simulation units. The proposed method aims at specifying interfaces of the simulation units as well as routing signals for integrating the simulation units. The method improves engineering and re-design of co-simulations in terms of saving time and effort for creating and integrating complex co-simulations.
Alexandra Mazak, Manuel Wimmer, Polina Patsuk-Boesch
Reverse Engineering of Production Processes based on Markov Chains Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2017), Xián, China, August 20-23 2017, pp. 680–686, IEEE, 2017.
@inproceedings{Mazak2017repp,
title = {Reverse Engineering of Production Processes based on Markov Chains},
author = {Alexandra Mazak and Manuel Wimmer and Polina Patsuk-Boesch},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2017.8256182},
doi = {10.1109/COASE.2017.8256182},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-08-20},
urldate = {2017-08-20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2017), Xián, China, August 20-23 2017},
pages = {680--686},
publisher = {IEEE},
abstract = {Understanding and providing knowledge of production processes is crucial for flexible production systems as many decisions are postponed to the operation time. Furthermore, dealing with process improvements requires to have a clear picture about the status of the currently employed process. This becomes even more challenging with the emergence of Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). However, CPPS also provide the opportunity to observe the running processes by using concepts from IoT to producing logs for reflecting the events happening in the system during its execution. Therefore, we propose in this paper a fully automated approach for representing operational logs as models which additionally allows analytical means. In particular, we provide a transformation chain which allows the reverse engineering of Markov chains from event logs. The reverse engineered Markov chains allow to abstract the complexity of run-time information as well as to enable what-if analysis whenever improvements are needed by employing current model-based as well as measurement-based technologies. We demonstrate the approach based on a lab-sized transportation line system.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Understanding and providing knowledge of production processes is crucial for flexible production systems as many decisions are postponed to the operation time. Furthermore, dealing with process improvements requires to have a clear picture about the status of the currently employed process. This becomes even more challenging with the emergence of Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). However, CPPS also provide the opportunity to observe the running processes by using concepts from IoT to producing logs for reflecting the events happening in the system during its execution. Therefore, we propose in this paper a fully automated approach for representing operational logs as models which additionally allows analytical means. In particular, we provide a transformation chain which allows the reverse engineering of Markov chains from event logs. The reverse engineered Markov chains allow to abstract the complexity of run-time information as well as to enable what-if analysis whenever improvements are needed by employing current model-based as well as measurement-based technologies. We demonstrate the approach based on a lab-sized transportation line system.
Bernhard Wally, Christian Huemer, Alexandra Mazak
A View on Model-Driven Vertical Integration: Alignment of Production Facility Models and Business Models Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2017), 2017.
@inproceedings{Wally2017mdvi,
title = {A View on Model-Driven Vertical Integration: Alignment of Production Facility Models and Business Models},
author = {Bernhard Wally and Christian Huemer and Alexandra Mazak},
doi = {10.1109/COASE.2017.8256235},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-08-20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2017)},
abstract = {Smart manufacturing requires deeply integrated IT systems in order to foster flexibility in the setup, re-arrangement and use of attached manufacturing systems. In a vertical integration scenario, IT systems of different vendors might be in use and proprietary interfaces need to defined in order to allow the exchange of relevant information from one system to another. In this paper we present a model-driven approach for vertical integration of IT systems. It is based on the application of industry standards for the representation of hierarchy level specific system properties and an alignment of their key concepts in order to provide bridging functions for the transformation between the different systems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Smart manufacturing requires deeply integrated IT systems in order to foster flexibility in the setup, re-arrangement and use of attached manufacturing systems. In a vertical integration scenario, IT systems of different vendors might be in use and proprietary interfaces need to defined in order to allow the exchange of relevant information from one system to another. In this paper we present a model-driven approach for vertical integration of IT systems. It is based on the application of industry standards for the representation of hierarchy level specific system properties and an alignment of their key concepts in order to provide bridging functions for the transformation between the different systems.
Alexander Wurl, Andreas Falkner, Alois Haselböck, Alexandra Mazak
Using Signifiers for Data Integration in Rail Automation Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications (DATA 2017), 2017.
@inproceedings{Wurl2017usdi,
title = {Using Signifiers for Data Integration in Rail Automation},
author = {Alexander Wurl and Andreas Falkner and Alois Haselböck and Alexandra Mazak},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5220/0006416401720179},
doi = {10.5220/0006416401720179},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-07-24},
urldate = {2017-07-24},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications (DATA 2017)},
abstract = {In Rail Automation, planning future projects requires the integration of business-critical data from heterogeneous data sources. As a consequence, data quality of integrated data is crucial for the optimal utilization of the production capacity. Unfortunately, current integration approaches mostly neglect uncertainties and inconsistencies in the integration process in terms of railway specific data. To tackle these restrictions, we propose a semi-automatic process for data import, where the user resolves ambiguous data classifications. The taskof finding the correct data warehouse classification of source values in a proprietary, often semi-structured format is supported by the notion of a signifier, which is a natural extension of composite primary keys. In a case study from the domain of asset management in Rail Automation we evaluate that this approach facilitates high-quality data integration while minimizing user interaction.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In Rail Automation, planning future projects requires the integration of business-critical data from heterogeneous data sources. As a consequence, data quality of integrated data is crucial for the optimal utilization of the production capacity. Unfortunately, current integration approaches mostly neglect uncertainties and inconsistencies in the integration process in terms of railway specific data. To tackle these restrictions, we propose a semi-automatic process for data import, where the user resolves ambiguous data classifications. The taskof finding the correct data warehouse classification of source values in a proprietary, often semi-structured format is supported by the notion of a signifier, which is a natural extension of composite primary keys. In a case study from the domain of asset management in Rail Automation we evaluate that this approach facilitates high-quality data integration while minimizing user interaction.
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