Publications

@inproceedings{wimmer2023d,

title = {Towards Modeling Process Mining for Graphical Editors},

author = {MohammadHadi Dehghani and Luca Berardinelli and Manuel Wimmer

},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350801},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00146},

isbn = {979-8-3503-2499-0},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-22},

urldate = {2023-12-22},

abstract = {Engineering tools typically offer graphical environments to help modelers deal with the complexity of designing software-intensive systems. Collecting and analyzing how different users perform modeling actions is a valuable asset to improve the user experience, the quality of the modeled system, and the evolution of the modeling language and accompanying tool support. This tool paper presents a novel tool that captures user interaction events in graphical modeling editors and enables mining modeling processes. Modeling events from Sirius-based graphical editors and GLSP-compliant editors are saved in IEEE eXtensible Event Stream (XES) format and integrated with the open-source ProM process mining tool as one example. By importing modeling traces into process mining tools, analysts can visualize and gain insights into the underlying modeling processes, enabling informed decision-making for designing modeling language and tool improvements. Initial experimental results demonstrate the applicability of our tool in capturing and analyzing user interactions on desktop and Web editors in solo and collaborative modeling sessions.},

howpublished = {2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2023e,

title = {Preface to the 3rd International Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for Digital Twins (MoDDiT 2023)},

author = {Tony Clark and Leok Cleophas and Romina Eramo and Vinay Kulkarni and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350496},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00075},

isbn = {979-8-3503-2499-0},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-22},

urldate = {2023-12-22},

abstract = {Digital twin (DT) is a concept that is gaining growing attention in many disciplines to support engineering, monitoring, controlling, optimizing, and maintaining cyber- physical systems (CPSs) and beyond. It refers to the ability to clone an actual system into a virtual counterpart that reflects all the important properties and characteristics of the original systems within a specific application context. While the benefits of DTs have been demonstrated in many contexts, their development, maintenance, and evolution, yield major challenges. Part of these needs to be addressed from a Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) perspective. MoDDiT'23 aims at bringing together researchers and practitioners on DTs to shape the future of systematically designing, engineering, evolving, maintaining, and evaluating DTs across different disciplines.},

howpublished = {2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C), Vasteras,  Sweden, 1-6 October 2023.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2023f,

title = {Preface to the 5th Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Model-Driven Engineering (MDE 2023)},

author = {Lola Burgueño and Dominik Bork and Jessie Galasso and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350710},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00093},

isbn = {979-8-3503-2499-0},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-22},

urldate = {2023-12-22},

abstract = {Model-driven engineering (MDE) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have gained momentum in recent years, and the fusion of techniques and tools in the two domains paves the way for several applications. Such integrations—which we call MDE Intelligence—are bidirectional, i.e., MDE activities can benefit from the integration of AI ideas and, in return, AI can benefit from the automation and subject-matter-expert integration offered by MDE. The 5th edition of the Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Model-driven Engineering (MDE Intelligence), held in conjunction with the IEEE/ACM 26th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2023), follows up on the success of the previous four editions, and provides a forum to discuss, study, and explore the opportunities offered and the challenges raised by integrating AI and MDE.},

howpublished = {2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2023g,

title = {Preface to the  4th International Workshop on Modeling in Low-Code Development Platforms (LowCode 2023)},

author = {Dimitris Kolovos and Juan de Lara and Manuel Wimmer

},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350812},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00134},

isbn = {979-8-3503-2498-3},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-22},

urldate = {2023-12-22},

abstract = {The growing need for secure, trustworthy, and cost-efficient software, the recent developments in cloud computing technologies, and the shortage of highly skilled professional software developers, have given rise to a new generation of low-code software development platforms, such as Google AppSheet and Microsoft PowerApps. Low-code platforms enable the development and deployment of fully functional applications using mainly visual abstractions and interfaces and requiring little or no procedural code. This makes them accessible to an increasingly digital-native and tech-savvy workforce who can directly and effectively contribute to the software development process, even if they lack a programming background.},

howpublished = {2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C), Vasteras,  Sweden, 1-6 October 2023.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Sint2023c,

title = {An Interdisciplinary Course on Model-Based Systems Engineering},

author = {Azad Khandoker and Sabine Sint and Manuel Wimmer and Klaus Zemann},

url = {https://se.jku.at/an-interdisciplinary-course-on-model-based-systems-engineering/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350649},

doi = { 10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00033},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-06},

urldate = {2023-10-06},

booktitle = {2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion (MODELS-C), Västeras, Schweden, October 1-6/2023},

pages = {8},

abstract = {Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) has emerged as a promising approach to design and develop complex engineering systems. Its adoption is steadily increasing in various industries and along additional system life cycle phases, showcasing its potential to enhance system development processes, to improve overall system performance, to support traceability, safety & security, maintenance, condition monitoring, upcycling, recycling, and even circular economy. As MBSE is becoming more prevalent in several industries, it is crucial to incorporate MBSE education into engineering curricula to prepare future engineers with the necessary knowledge, methods, skills, and tools.

In this paper, we present our interdisciplinary MBSE course at Johannes Kepler University in Linz and further explore the challenges and opportunities of the current state of MBSE education for the effective integration of MBSE into engineering education.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2023b,

title = {A Model-Driven Platform for Engineering Holistic Digital Twins},

author = {Daniel Lehner},

url = {https://se.jku.at/a-model-driven-platform-for-engineering-holistic-digital-twins/},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-06},

urldate = {2023-10-06},

booktitle = {26th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2023, Västeras, Schweden, October 1-6, 2023},

journal = {A Model-Driven Platform for Engineering Holistic Digital Twins, 26th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2023, Västeras, Schweden, October 1-6, 2023.},

abstract = {With the combination of software and physical devices into so-called cyber-physical systems (CPSs), Digital Twins (DTs) have emerged to handle the resulting complexity and efficiently connect software to physical devices, the so-called physical twins (PTs). While DTs have gained more and more interest in both industry and academia in recent years, several vendors started to provide so-called DT platforms that offer soft[1]ware tools that promise to make it easier to develop and maintain DTs. When investigating these platforms in more detail, we found that they require the redundant specification of information that is usually already defined in engineering models describing the underlying PT. Additionally, they focus on connecting services to the running PT. Most DT applications however also need a connection to a simulation of the PT, which is currently not supported by the examined DT platforms. As different DT platforms usually each use their own proprietary language and software tooling, it is also currently time-demanding to integrate them with the software services that realize functionality based on these platforms. In the described thesis project, we propose an extended DT platform that solves the mentioned problems by leveraging Model-driven Engineering (MDE) techniques. More precisely, we (i) develop model transformations from existing engineering models to the proprietary DT models used by current DT platforms, (ii) create a DT megamodel that integrates DT models of existing platforms with models representing different endpoints such as PTs or simulations, and generic service descriptions, and (iii) propose a workflow model to define the interactions between different services and DTs, and a method that automates the integration of services and DTs into DT architectures based on this workflow model and the DT megamodel. We aim to evaluate our work by performing case studies on a set of CPSs . In these case studies, we measure the steps required for setting up and maintaining DT architectures for these CPSs, comparing our extended DT platform to existing DT platform support.



},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{eisenberg2023,

title = {Model-Driven Optimization for Quantum Program Synthesis with MOMoT},

author = {Felix Gemeinhardt and Martin Eisenberg and Stefan Klikovits and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/model-driven-optimization-for-quantum-program-synthesis-with-momot/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350515},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00100},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-06},

urldate = {2023-10-06},

booktitle = {26th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems MODELS 2023, Västeras, Schweden, October 1-6, 2023},

abstract = {In the realm of classical software engineering, model-driven optimization has been widely used for different problems such as (re)modularization of software systems. In this paper, we investigate how techniques from model-driven optimization can be applied in the context of quantum software engineering. In quantum computing, creating executable quantum programs is a highly non-trivial task which requires significant expert knowledge in quantum information theory and linear algebra. Although different approaches for automated quantum program synthesis exist—e.g., based on reinforcement learning and genetic programming—these approaches represent tailor-made solutions requiring dedicated encodings for quantum programs. This paper applies the existing model-driven optimization approach MOMoT to the problem of quantum program synthesis. We present the resulting platform for experimenting with quantum program synthesis and present a concrete demonstration for a well-known quantum algorithm.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Klikovits2023,

title = {Towards Generating Model-Driven Speech Interfaces for Digital Twins},

author = {Ramya Jayaraman and Daniel Lehner and Stefan Klikovits and Manuel Wimmer 

},

url = {https://se.jku.at/towards-generating-model-driven-speech-interfaces-for-digital-twins/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10350472},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C59198.2023.00080},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-06},

urldate = {2023-10-06},

booktitle = {26th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2023, Västeras, Schweden, October 1-6, 2023},

abstract = {The recent decade saw enormous advances of the capabilities of speech synthesis and speech recognition. While specific benefits depend on the individual applications, speech interfaces typically increase accessibility, enable “hands-free” and “no-screen” interaction, and often increase interaction speed and allow for more flexible usage patterns and increased multitasking, leading to higher user satisfaction. This paper presents a method to transfer these powerful benefits to the digital twin (DT) domain by automatically generating speech interfaces for DT applications. Our approach is based on Model Driven Engineering principles, where we automatically deduce command patterns from structural model information as used in, e.g., DT platform specifications. The speech interface generation is highly configurable and extendable, thus it can be applied to different DT models. The concepts behind the generator are generic as well, thus they can be ported to other applications and platforms. We validate our approach by applying it to two DT demonstration cases and provide a detailed description of the sketch interface configuration workflow.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2023c,

title = {An Architectural Extension for Digital Twin Platforms to Leverage Behavioral Models},

author = {Daniel Lehner and S.Gil and P.h. Mikkelsen and Peter Gorm Larsen and Manuel Wimmer

},

url = {https://se.jku.at/an-architectural-extension-for-digital-twin-platforms-to-leverage-behavioral-models/

},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-30},

urldate = {2023-08-30},

booktitle = {19th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2023), Cordis, Auckland, New Zealand, August 26-30},

abstract = {To reduce the work effort for developing and managing Digital Twin (DT)-based services, so-called DT platforms have emerged recently. These DT platforms make it easier to collect, store, and manage data from physical devices, but often they do not provide means for running behavioral models or synchronizing these with runtime data from the physical devices. These aspects are however crucial for developing many DT-based services. As a result, the implementation of a DT that uses behavioral models still requires a lot of implementation effort, which hinders the adoption of DTs for many applications, in particular for small and medium-sized enterprises that often do not have the resources to implement such complex systems.},

howpublished = {19th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2023), Cordis, Auckland, New Zealand, August 26-30, 2023},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2023b,

title = {Hybrid Multi-Objective Genetic Programming for Parameterized Quantum Operator Discovery},

author = {Felix Gemeinhardt and Stefan Klikovits and Manuel Wimmer

},

url = {https://se.jku.at/hybrid-multi-objective-genetic-programming-for-parameterized-quantum-operator-discovery/},

doi = {10.1145/3583133.3590696,},

isbn = {79-8-4007-0120-7/ 23/07},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-19},

urldate = {2023-07-19},

booktitle = {Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion (GECCO ’23 @ Lisabon), Lisbon, Portugal, July 15–19, 2023, hybrid},

pages = {4},

abstract = {The processing of quantum information is defined by quantum circuits. For applications on current quantum devices, these are usually parameterized, i.e., they contain operations with variable parameters. The design of such quantum circuits and aggregated higher-level quantum operators is a challenging task which requires significant knowledge in quantum information theory, provided a polynomial-sized solution can be found analytically at all. Moreover, finding an accurate solution with low computational cost represents a significant trade-off, particularly for the current generation of quantum computers. To tackle these challenges, we propose a multi-objective genetic programming approach—hybridized with a numerical parameter optimizer—to automate the synthesis of parameterized quantum operators. To demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach, it is applied to a quantum circuit of a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm, and then compared to an analytical solution as well as a non-hybrid version. The results show that, compared to the non-hybrid version, our method produces more diverse solutions and more accurate quantum operators which even

reach the quality of the analytical baseline.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2023,

title = {Towards a Product Line Architecture for Digital Twins},

author = {Jerome Pfeiffer and Daniel Lehner and Andreas Wortmann and Manuel Wimmel},

url = {https://se.jku.at/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/2023_ICSA_DTProductLineArchitecture_CR_final.pdf},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-03-15},

urldate = {2023-03-15},

booktitle = {20th IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA 2023), L' Aquila, Italy, March 13-17},

pages = {4},

abstract = {Digital twins are a new kind of software systems for which corresponding architectures in different engineering domains have emerged for enabling the efficient interaction of software systems with physical systems to realize cyber-physical systems (CPS). To facilitate the development of digital twins, various software platforms emerged in recent years, which often come with a certain architecture for the developed systems together with a set of domain-specific languages (DSLs) that help domain experts to configure the platform and implement the digital twins. This results in a set of architectures and DSLs which are currently used to realize the various concerns of digital twins. Thus, creating a comprehensive digital twin for a given system requires the combination of several architectures and DSLs, which is challenging as (i) the components of the different architectures have to be combined on a technological level, and (ii) the concerns specified with the different DSLs are developed in isolation which potentially leads to inconsistencies, especially during the evolution of digital twins.},

howpublished = {20th IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA 2023), poster präsentation, L'Aquila, Italy, 13-17 March},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wimmer2022g,

title = {From Coverage Computation to Fault Localization: A Generic Framework for Domain-Specific Languages},

author = {Faezeh Khorram and Erwan Bousse and Antonio Garmendia and Jean-Marie Mottu and Gerson Sunyé and Manuel Wimmer },

url = {https://se.jku.at/from-coverage-computation-to-fault-localization-a-generic-framework-for-domain-specific-languages/

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3567512.3567532},

doi = {10.1145/3567512.3567532},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-01},

urldate = {2022-12-01},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering, SLE 2022, Auckland, New Zealand, December 5-10},

pages = {235-248},

abstract = {To test a system efficiently, we need to know how good are the defined test cases and to localize detected faults in the system. Measuring test coverage can address both concerns as it is a popular metric for test quality evaluation and, at the same time, is the foundation of advanced fault localization techniques. However, for Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs), coverage metrics and associated tools are usually manually defined for each DSL representing costly, error-prone, and non-reusable work.

To address this problem, we propose a generic coverage computation and fault localization framework for DSLs. Considering a test suite executed on a model conforming to a DSL, we compute a coverage matrix based on three ingredients: the DSL specification, the coverage rules, and the model’s execution trace. Using the test execution result and the computed coverage matrix, the framework calculates the suspiciousness-based ranking of the model’s elements based on existing spectrum-based techniques to help the user in localizing the model’s faults. We provide a tool atop the Eclipse GEMOC Studio and evaluate our approach using four different DSLs, with 297 test cases for 21 models in total. Results show that we can successfully create meaningful coverage matrices for all investigated DSLs and models. The applied fault localization techniques are capable of identifying the defects injected in the models based on the provided coverage measurements, thus demonstrating the usefulness of the automatically computed measurements.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2022,

title = {A Community-Sourced View on Engineering Digital Twins: A Report from the EDT.Community},

author = {Loek Cleophas and Thomas Godfrey and Djamel Eddine Khelladi and Daniel Lehner and Benoit Combemale and Mark van den Brand and Michael Vierhauser and Manuel Wimmer and Steffen Zschaler},

editor = {Thomas Kühn and Vasco Sousa},

url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3550356.3561549},

doi = {10.1145/3550356.3561549},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-09},

urldate = {2022-11-09},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: Companion Proceedings, MODELS 2022, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, October 23-28},

pages = {481-485},

publisher = {ACM},

abstract = {Digital Twins are an important concept, enabling what-if scenario exploration, predictive maintenance, and other approaches. They help in saving time and physical resources when developing and evolving systems, whether natural or engineered. However, constructing and maintaining digital twins is a challenging engineering task - and, to date, there is a lack of understanding of the engineering techniques and methodologies required. To address these challenges, we created EDT.Community, a programme of seminars on the engineering of digital twins hosting digital twins experts from academia and industry. In this paper, we report on the main topics of discussion from the first year of the programme. We contribute by providing (1) a common understanding of open challenges in research and practice of the engineering of digital twins, and (2) an entry point to researchers who aim to close gaps in the current state of the art.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wimmer2022h,

title = {Using Trace Alignments for Measuring the Similarity between a Physical and its Digital Twin},

author = {Paula Munoz and Manuel Wimmer and Javier Troya and Antonio Vallecillo},

url = {https://se.jku.at/using-trace-alignments-for-measuring-the-similarity-between-a-physical-and-its-digital-twin/

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3550356.3563135},

doi = {10.1145/3550356.3563135},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-09},

urldate = {2022-11-09},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS '22, Montreal, Canada, October 23-28},

pages = {503-510},

abstract = {A common problem in the development of digital twin systems is the validation that the behavior of both twins, the physical and the digital, is the same, or at least similar enough given the requirements of the digital twin system. In this paper, we propose a method for the alignment of the traces of both twins. Traces are sequences of snapshots that capture the progressive states of each entity. Our approach is based on a bioinformatic algorithm that we adapt and use for the alignment of snapshots. Additionally, we include a set of measures to evaluate the quality of these alignments and reason about the level of fidelity of the digital twin system. Two case studies are used to demonstrate our proposal and evaluate its accuracy and effectiveness.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{eisenberg2022,

title = {Towards Reactive Planning with Digital Twins and Model-Driven Optimization},

author = {Martin Eisenberg and Daniel Lehner and Radek Sindelar and Manuel Wimmer

},

editor = {Tiziana Margaria and Bernhard Steffen},

url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-19762-8_5},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-19762-8_5},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-10-21},

urldate = {2022-10-21},

booktitle = {Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation. Practice - 11th International Symposium, ISoLA 2022, Rhodes, Greece, October 22-30},

volume = {13704},

pages = {54-70},

publisher = {Springer Cham},

abstract = {Digital Twins are emerging in several domains. They allow to connect various models with running systems based on bi-directional data exchange. Thus, design models can be extended with runtime views which also opens the door for many additional techniques such as identifying unexpected system changes during runtime. However, dedicated reactions to these unexpected changes, such as adapting an existing plan which has been computed in advance and may no longer be seen beneficial, are still often neglected in Digital Twins.

To tackle this shortcoming, we propose so-called reactive planning that integrates Digital Twins with planning approaches to react to unforeseen changes during plan execution. In particular, we introduce an extended Digital Twin architecture which allows to integrate existing model-driven optimization frameworks. Based on this integration, we present different strategies how the replanning can be performed by utilizing the information and services available in Digital Twins. We evaluate our approach for a stack allocation case study. This evaluation yields promising results on how to effectively improve existing plans during runtime, but also allows to identify future lines of research in this area.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2022d,

title = {Modeling Capabilities of Digital Twin Platforms – Old Wine in New Bottles?},

author = {Jerome Pfeiffer and Daniel Lehner and Andreas Wortmann and Manuel Wimmer

},

url = {https://se.jku.at/modeling-capabilities-of-digital-twin-platforms-old-wine-in-new-bottles/

https://davidediruscio.github.io/ECMFA2022/

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Modeling-Capabilities-of-Digital-Twin-Platforms-Old-Pfeiffer-Lehner/03b565e78f730d36b38820df3e9da1c0aa0dddcb},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-02},

urldate = {2022-07-02},

booktitle = {18th European Conference on Modelling Foundations and Applications, co-located with STAF 2022, Nantes, France, 6-7 July },

abstract = {Digital twins are seen as core technologies to tackle the growing complexity of cyber-physical systems to better understand, monitor, and optimize their behavior. Digital twin platforms aim to facilitate the systematic engineering of digital twins by providing dedicated languages and corresponding tools to describe their abilities. However, with the emergence of these languages for digital twins, the question arises what the nature of these languages is and how they differentiate from existing modeling languages already used in the area of cyber-physical systems. To shed more light on this new modeling area, we study in this paper the modeling capabilities of three industrial digital twin platforms and frame them in existing and well-known modeling concepts provided by UML. In particular, we (i) extract the conceptual metamodels of three industrial digital twin platforms, (ii) compare them with common object-oriented modeling concepts of UML, (iii) and provide first insight about the portability of models between the platforms by performing an experiment. In particular, we use UML class diagrams as an anchor for relating the modeling concepts of digital twin platforms and as pivot for DT platform portability. Our investigation

summarizes current modeling capabilities of digital twin platforms to provide a better understanding of their shared concepts to developers using such platforms. It also shows that these modeling capabilities often rely on well-known modeling concepts, but also add some new aspects. The performed experiment additionally gives first insights into the portability of different DT platform metamodels. To sum up, this work can be see as a starting point for uncovering the nature of digital twin modeling and providing a digital twin language family enabling developers to select appropriate modeling features for describing different aspects of digital twins without having to reinventing the wheel.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wimmer2022m,

title = {Flexible Model-Driven Runtime Monitoring Support for Cyber-Physical Systems},

author = {Marco Stadler and Michael Vierhauser and Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer and Jane Cleland-Huang},

url = {https://se.jku.at/flexible-model-driven-runtime-monitoring-support-for-cyber-physical-systems/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9793768},

doi = {10.1145/3510454.352864},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-13},

urldate = {2022-06-13},

booktitle = {2022 IEEE/ACM 44th International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion)},

pages = {2},

publisher = {IEEE },

abstract = {Providing adequate runtime monitoring is critical for ensuring safe operation and for enabling self-adaptive behavior of Cyber-Physical Systems. This requires identifying runtime properties of interest, creating Probes to instrument the system, and defining constraints to be checked at runtime. Implementing and setting up a monitoring framework for a system is typically a challenging task, and most existing approaches lack support for the automated generation and setup of monitors. GRuM significantly eases the task of creating monitors and maintaining them throughout the lifetime of the system by automatically generating runtime models and providing support for updating and adapting them when needed.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wimmer2022d,

title = {Towards Interoperable Metamodeling Platforms: The Case of Bridging ADOxx and EMF},

author = {Dominik Bork and Konstantinos Anagnostou and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/towards-interoperable-metamodeling-platforms-the-case-of-bridging-adoxx-and-emf/},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-07472-1_28},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-03},

urldate = {2022-06-03},

booktitle = {34th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, CAiSE 2022, Leuven, Belgium, June 6-10, Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

volume = {13295},

pages = {479-497},

publisher = {Springer Cham},

abstract = {Metamodeling platforms are an important cornerstone for building domain-specific modeling languages in an efficient and effective way. Two prominent players in the field are ADOxx and the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) which both provide rich ecosystems on modeling support and related technologies. However, until now, these two worlds live in isolation while there would be several benefits of having a bridge to exchange metamodels and models for different purposes (e.g., reuse of features and plugins that are only available on one platform, access to additional modeler and developer communities). Therefore, in this paper, we propose first steps toward establishing interoperability between ADOxx and EMF. For this, we thoroughly analyze the metamodeling concepts employed by both platforms before proposing a bridge that enables bidirectional exchange of metamodels. We evaluate the bidirectional bridge with several openly available metamodels created with ADOxx and EMF, respectively. Moreover, we quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the bridge by an evaluation that incorporates the instantiation and use of the metamodels on both platforms. We show that the metamodels can be exchanged without information loss and similar modeling experiences with respect to the resulting models can be achieved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wimmer2022n,

title = {Workshop on Software Engineering in Cyber-Physical Production Systems},

author = {Rick Rabiser and Birgit Vogel-Heuser and Manuel Wimmer and Alois Zoitl},

editor = {Lars Grunske and Janet Siegmund and Andreas Voglsang},

url = {https://se.jku.at/workshop-on-software-engineering-in-cyber-physical-production-systems/

https://dl.gi.de/bitstream/handle/20.500.12116/34551/C1-05.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y},

doi = {10.18420/SE2021_53},

isbn = {978-3-88579-704-3},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-21},

urldate = {2022-01-21},

booktitle = {Software Engineering 2022, Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, 21.-25. Februar, Virtuell},

volume = {P-320},

pages = {105-106},

publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},

abstract = {This workshop focuses on Software Engineering in Cyber-Physical Production Systems. It is an interactive workshop opened by keynotes and statements by participants, followed by extensive discussions in break-out groups. The output of the workshop is a research roadmap as well as concrete networking activities to further establish a community in this interdisciplinary field.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021i,

title = {Preface to the 3rd Multi-Paradigm Modeling for Cyber-Physical Systems (MPM4CPS 2021)},

author = {Amrani Moussa and Dominique Blouin and Moharram Challenger and Julien Deantoni and Robert Heinrich and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {http://msdl.uantwerpen.be/conferences/MPM4CPS/2021/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9643616},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C53483.2021.00049},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-28},

urldate = {2021-12-28},

booktitle = {ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, {MODELS} 2021 Companion, Fukuoka, Japan, virtual event, October 10-15},

journal = {International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2021},

pages = {284-285},

abstract = {Multi-Paradigm Modelling (MPM) offers a foundational framework for connecting several engineering disciplines in a comprehensive and consistent way which is of particular importance for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). The MPM4CPS Workshop acts as a continuation of the successful MPM Workshop series hosted at the MODELS, but focuses on the application of the MPM approach to CPSs. The workshop aims at further advancing the state-of-the-art as well as identifying future research lines by bringing together international experts from academia and industry.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Govindasamy21,

title = {Air Quality Management: An Exemplar for Model-Driven Digital Twin Engineering},

author = {Hari Shankar Govindasamy and Ramya Jayamaran and Burcu Taspinar and Daniel Lehner and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9643702},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C53483.2021.00040},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-28},

urldate = {2021-12-28},

booktitle = {ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, {MODELS} 2021 Companion, Fukuoka, Japan, virtual, October 10-15},

pages = {229-232},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {Since its first mentioning in the literature, the concept of Digital Twin has gained traction in both industry and academia. However, there are still many open challenges when applying Digital Twins to industry-scale use cases. Applying Model-Driven Engineering techniques to the creation and maintenance of Digital Twins (also referred to as Model-Driven Digital Twin Engineering) promises automation and consistency throughout the life cycle of a Digital Twin.

The exemplar provided in this paper can be used to identify open challenges when it comes to Model-Driven Digital Twin Engineering, and to demonstrate how approaches can solve them. This exemplar applies Digital Twins to an indoor air quality management use case, where CO2, temperature, and humidity values of rooms within a building are measured. These values can be used to derive actions to improve work productivity and reduce the risk for virus infections. We describe three applications that make use of this Digital Twin (i.e., runtime visualization, physical simulation, and ML-based predictions), and provide an online repository with the artefacts of this exemplar.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021n,

title = {Weaving Open Services with Runtime Models for Continuous Smart Cities KPIs Assessment},

author = {Martina De Sanctis and Ludovico Iovino and Maria Teresa Rossi and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Hakim Hasid and Odej Kao and Massimo Mecella and Naouel Moha aund Hye-young Paik},

url = {https://se.jku.at/weaving-open-services-with-runtime-models-for-continuous-smart-cities-kpis-assessment/},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-91431-8_43},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-15},

urldate = {2021-12-15},

booktitle = {19th International Conferene on Service-Oriented Computing, ICSOC 2021, November 22-25 },

volume = {13121},

pages = {672-681},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {The automatic Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) assessment for smart cities is challenging, since the input parameters needed for the KPIs calculations are highly dynamic and change with different frequencies. Moreover, they are provided by heterogeneous data sources (e.g., IoT infrastructures, Web Services, open repositories), with different access protocol. Open services are widely adopted in this area on top of open data, IoT, and cloud services. However, KPIs assessment frameworks based on smart city models are currently decoupled from open services. This limits the possibility of having runtime up-to-date data for KPIs assessment and synchronized reports. Thus, this paper presents a generic service-oriented middleware that connects open services and runtime models, applied to a model-based KPIs assessment framework for smart cities. It enables a continuous monitoring of the KPIs’ input parameters provided by open services, automating the data acquisition process and the continuous KPIs evaluation. Experiment shows how the evolved framework enables a continuous KPIs evaluation, by drastically decreasing (∼88%) the latency compared to its baseline.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2021,

title = {AML4DT: A Model-Driven Framework for Developing and Maintaining Digital Twins with AutomationML},

author = {Daniel Lehner and Sabine Sint and Michael Vierhauser and Wolfgang Narzt and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2021_etfa_aml4dt_cr_final.pdf},

doi = {10.1109/ETFA45728.2021.9613376},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-07},

urldate = {2021-09-08},

booktitle = {IEEE 26th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, September 7-10, Vasteras, Sweden, virtual event},

journal = {IEEE 26th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, September 7-10, 2021, Vasteras Sweden, virtual event.},

pages = {1-8},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {As technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are becoming ubiquitous, systems adopting these technologies are getting increasingly complex. Digital Twins (DTs) provide comprehensive views on such systems, the data they generate during runtime, as well as their usage and evolution over time. Setting up the required infrastructure to run a Digital Twin is still an ambitious task that involves significant upfront efforts from domain experts, although existing knowledge about the systems, such as engineering models, may be already available for reuse. To address this issue, we present AML4DT, a model-driven framework supporting the development and maintenance of Digital Twin infrastructures by employing AutomationML (AML) models. We automatically establish a connection between systems and their DTs based on dedicated DT models. These DT models are automatically derived from existing AutomationML models, which are produced in the engineering phases of a system. Additionally, to alleviate the maintenance of the DTs, AML4DT facilitates the synchronization of the AutomationML models with the DT infrastructure for several evolution cases. A case study shows the benefits of developing and maintaining DTs based on AutomationML models using the proposed AML4DT framework. For this particular study, the effort of performing the required tasks could be reduced by about 50%.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wiesmayr21,

title = {A Model-based Execution Framework for Interpreting Control Software},

author = {Bianca Wiesmayr and Alois Zoitl and Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://epub.jku.at/obvulioa/download/pdf/6404796?%20originalFilename=true},

doi = {10.1109/ETFA45728.2021.9613716},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-07},

urldate = {2021-12-07},

booktitle = {26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and  Factory Automation, ETFA 2021, Västeras, Sweden, virtual event, September 7-10, 2021},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {Industrial standards define domain-specific languages that are frequently used for developing control software. For instance, IEC 61499 standardizes a graphical modeling language that includes a platform-independent application model. The application is composed of Function Blocks. A runtime can execute the model by implementing the semantics that is described in the standard in natural language. By defining an interpreter for IEC 61499 models, we can directly execute them without prior code generation. This enables providing feedback directly on the model level. We present an interpreter for Basic Function Blocks, which encapsulate a state-based Execution Control Chart. An existing EMF meta-model for IEC 61499 was extended with an operational semantics implemented in Java and Xtend. The test cases are defined either in Java or as an interface model. Such a model is standardized in IEC 61499 as Service Sequences. We evaluate our interpreter by executing the Basic Function Blocks that are defined in the standard and compare our results to those of the open-source runtime 4diac FORTE. As a practical use case, we show how developers can use the interpreter for unit testing self-defined Basic Function Blocks.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Garmendia2021,

title = {Leveraging Model-Driven Technologies for JSON Artefacts: The Shipyard Case Study},

author = {Alessandro Colantoni and Antonio Garmendia and Luca Berardinelli and Manuel Wimmer and Johannes Bräuer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Leveraging_Model_Driven_Technologies_for_JSONArtefacts__The_Shipyard_Case_Study.pdf

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9592494},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS50736.2021.00033},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-21},

urldate = {2021-10-21},

booktitle = {IEEE/ACM 24th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), October 10-15},

journal = {ACM / IEEE 24th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), October 10-15, 2021},

abstract = {With JSON’s increasing adoption, the need for structural constraints and validation capabilities led to JSON Schema, a dedicated meta-language to specify languages which are in turn used to validate JSON documents. Currently, the standardisation process of JSON Schema and the implementation of adequate tool support (e.g., validators and editors) are work in progress. However, the periodic issuing of newer JSON Schema drafts makes tool development challenging. Nevertheless, many JSON Schemas as language definitions exist, but JSON documents are still mostly edited in basic text-based editors. To tackle this challenge, we investigate in this paper how Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) methods for language engineering can help in this area. Instead of re-inventing the 

wheel of building up particular technologies directly for JSON, we study how the existing MDE infrastructures may be utilized for JSON. In particular, we present a bridge between the JSONware and Modelware technical spaces to exchange languages and documents. Based on this bridge, our approach supports language engineers, domain experts, and tool providers in editing, validating, and generating tool support with enhanced capabilities for JSON schemas and their documents. We evaluate our approach with Shipyard, a JSON Schema-based language for the workflow specification for Keptn, an open-source tool for DevOps automation of cloud-native applications. The results of the case study show that proper editors and language evolution support from MDE can be reused and, at the same time, the surface syntax of JSON is maintained.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021j,

title = {Preface to MoDDiT 2021 },

author = {Francis Bordeleau and Loek Cleophas and Benoit Combemale and Romina Eramo and Mark Brand and Manuel Wimmer and Andreas Wortmann},

url = {https://gemoc.org/events/moddit2021},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-15},

urldate = {2021-10-15},

booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for Digital Twins co-located with MODELS 2021, Fukuoka, Japan, virtual event, October 10-15},

journal = {International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2021},

pages = {210-211},

abstract = {Digital twins promise tremendous potential to better understand and make use of cyber-physical systems in automotive, avionics, manufacturing, medicine, and many more domains. Despite many of the twinned systems being developed using models, engineering digital twins currently is ad-hoc and demands integrating different piecemeal technologies, which effectively hinders the application of digital twins. The focus of many digital twins and frameworks to create digital twins is on data acquisition and visualization via dashboards. Current research on digital twins focuses on specific implementations (bottom-up) or abstract models on how digital twins could be conceived (top down). Yet, there is a huge gap between both views that only research on model-driven engineering (MDE) can reduce. Hence, MDE is crucial to fully and systematically leverage the potential of digital twins. Currently, a venue bringing together experts from the modelling community on this topic is missing: ModDIT’21 brings together researchers on and developers of digital twins come together to shape the future of systematically designing, engineering, evolving, maintaining, and evaluating digital twins.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021k,

title = {Preface to MDE Intelligence 2021},

author = {Loli Burgueño and Marouane Kessentini and Manuel Wimmer and Steffen Zschaler},

url = {https://mde-intelligence.github.io/},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-15},

urldate = {2021-10-15},

booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Model-Driven Engineering co-located with MODELS 2021,  Fukuoka, Japan, virtual event, October 10-15},

journal = {International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2021},

pages = {148-149},

abstract = {Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become part of everyone's life. It is used by companies to exploit the information they collect to improve the products and/or services they offer and, wanted or unwanted, it is present in almost every device around us. Lately, AI is also starting to impact all aspects of the system and software development lifecycle, from their upfront specification to their design, testing, deployment and maintenance, with the main goal of helping engineers produce systems and software faster and with better quality while being able to handle ever more complex systems. The hope is that AI will help dealing with the increasing complexity of systems and software. 

There is no doubt that MDE has been a means to tame until now part of this complexity. However, its adoption by industry still relies on their capacity to manage the underlying methodological changes including among other things the adoption of new tools. To go one step further, we believe there is a clear need for AI-empowered MDE, which will push the limits of "classic" MDE and provide the right techniques to develop the next generation of highly complex model-based system and software systems engineers will have to design tomorrow. 

This workshop provides a forum to discuss, study and explore the opportunities and challenges raised by the integration of AI and MDE.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021l,

title = {Preface to Low-Code 2021},

author = {Davide Di Ruscio and Dimitris S. Kolovos and Juan Lara and Massimo Tisi and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://lowcode-workshop.github.io/},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-15},

urldate = {2021-10-15},

booktitle = {2nd Workshop on Modeling in Low-Code Development Platforms co-located with MODELS 2021, Fukuoka, Japan, virtual event, October 10-15},

journal = {International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2021},

pages = {45-46},

abstract = {The growing need for secure, trustworthy, and cost-efficient software as well as recent developments in cloud computing technologies, and the shortage of highly skilled professional software developers, have given rise to a new generation of low-code software development platforms, such as Google AppMaker (soon AppSheet) and Microsoft PowerApps. Low-code platforms enable the development and deployment of fully functional applications using mainly visual abstractions and interfaces and requiring little or no procedural code. This makes them accessible to an increasingly digital-native and tech-savvy workforce who can directly and effectively contribute to the software development process, even if they lack a programming background. 

At the heart of low-code applications are typically models of the structure, the behaviour and the presentation of the application. Low-code application models need to be edited (using graphical and textual interfaces), validated, version-controlled and eventually transformed or interpreted to deliver user-facing applications. As all of these activities have been of core interest to the MoDELS community over the last two decades, we feel that a workshop on low-code software development at MoDELS is a very natural fit, and an opportunity to attract low-code platform vendors and users to our community, with substantial benefits to be reaped from both sides.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{eisenberg2021,

title = {Towards Reinforcement Learning for In-Place Model Transformations},

author = {Martin Eisenberg and Hans-Peter Pichler and Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/paper-towards.pdf

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9592463},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS50736.2021.00017},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-14},

urldate = {2021-10-14},

booktitle = {ACM / IEEE 24th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), Fukuoka, Japan, October 10-15},

pages = {7},

abstract = {Model-driven optimization has gained much interest in the last years which resulted in several dedicated extensions for in-place model transformation engines. The main idea is to exploit domain-specific languages to define models which are optimized by applying a set of model transformation rules. Objectives are guiding the optimization processes which are currently mostly realized by meta-heuristic searchers such as different kinds of Genetic Algorithms. However, meta-heuristic search approaches are currently challenged by reinforcement learning approaches for solving optimization problems. In this new ideas paper, we apply for the first time reinforcement learning for in-place model transformations. In particular, we extend an existing model-driven optimization approach with reinforcement learning techniques. We experiment with valuebased and policy-based techniques. We investigate several case studies for validating the feasibility of using reinforcement learning for model-driven optimization and compare the performance against existing approaches. The initial evaluation shows promising results but also helped in identifying future research lines for the whole model transformation community.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{lehner2021b,

title = {Towards Flexible Evolution of Digital Twins with Fluent APIs},

author = {Daniel Lehner and Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2021_etfa_coevolution_cr_final.pdf

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9613222},

doi = {10.1109/ETFA45728.2021.9613222},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-09},

urldate = {2021-09-09},

booktitle = {IEEE 26th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, September 7-10, Vasteras, Schweden, virtual event},

abstract = {With the increase of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems, a huge amount of data is generated by current systems. To gain insights from this data, it must be combined with meta-information about its origins. Therefore, Digital Twins (DTs), as a common representation of a system and its data, are currently gaining traction in both industry and academia. However, these DTs have of course to be evolvable in order to reflect the high need of flexibility of the systems to support extensions, adaptations, customizations, etc. Evolving the DT representations currently not only involves a lot of manual effort, but might also lead to loss of data if not done correctly. To provide dedicated evolution support, we propose a dedicated framework for realizing evolution strategies between the schema, instance, and data level of a DT. In particular, we present a fluent API which allows the flexible but systematic manipulation of DTs during runtime and demonstrate its usage for a use case.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021o,

title = {RoboMAX: Robotic Mission Adaptation eXemplars},

author = {Mehrnoosh Askarpour and Christos Tsigkanos and Claudio Menghi and Radu Calinescu and Patrizio Pelliccione and Sergio Garcia and Ricardo Caldas and Tim J. von Oertzen and Manuel Wimmer and Luca Berardinelli and Matteo Rossi and Marcello M. Bersani and Gabriel S. Rodrigues},

url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9462005},

doi = {10.1109/SEAMS51251.2021.00040},

isbn = {978-1-6654-0289-7},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-06-29},

urldate = {2021-06-29},

booktitle = {16th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems, SEAMS@ICSE 2021, Madrid, Spain, May 18-24},

pages = {245-251},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {Emerging and future applications of robotic systems pose unique self-adaptation challenges. To support the research needed to address these challenges, we provide an extensible repository of robotic mission adaptation exemplars. Co-designed with robotic application stakeholders including researchers, developers, operators, and end-users, our repository captures key sources of uncertainty, adaptation concerns, and other distinguishing characteristics of such applications. An online form enables external parties to supply new exemplars for curation and inclusion into the repository. We envisage that our RoboMAX repository will enable the development, evaluation, and comparison of self-adaptation approaches for the robotic systems domain.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021c,

title = {Towards a Model-Integrated Runtime Monitoring Infrastructure for Cyber-Physical Systems},

author = {Michael Vierhauser and Hussein Marah and Antonio Garmendia and Jane Cleland-Huang and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://se.jku.at/towards-a-model-integrated-runtime-monitoring-infrastructure-for-cyber-physical-systems/},

doi = {10.1109/ICSE-NIER52604.2021.00028},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-07},

urldate = {2021-05-07},

booktitle = {IEEE/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: New Ideas and Emerging Results (ICSE-NIER), May 25-28, Madrid, Spain, virtual event},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {Runtime monitoring is essential for ensuring the safe operation and enabling self-adaptive behavior of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). It requires the creation of system monitors, instrumentation for data collection, and the definition of constraints. All of these aspects need to evolve to accommodate changes in the system. However, most existing approaches lack support for the automated generation and set up of monitors and constraints for diverse technologies and do not provide adequate support for evolving the monitoring infrastructure. Without this support, constraints and monitors can become stale and become less effective in long-running, rapidly changing CPS. In this “new and emerging results” paper we propose a novel framework for model-integrated runtime monitoring. We combine model-driven techniques and runtime monitoring to automatically generate large parts of the monitoring framework and to reduce the maintenance effort necessary when parts of the monitored system change. We build a prototype and evaluate our approach against a system for controlling the flights of unmanned aerial vehicles.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wally2020b,

title = {The Digital Twin as a Core Component for Industry 4.0 Smart Production Planning},

author = {Petr Novak and Jiri Vyskocil and Bernhard Wally},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896320336314},

doi = {10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.2865},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-14},

urldate = {2021-04-14},

booktitle = {21st IFAC World Congress, July 11-17, 2020, Berlin, Germany, virtual},

abstract = {Production systems that adhere the Industry 4.0 vision require new ways of control and integration of individual components, such as robots, transportation system shuttles or mobile platforms. This paper proposes a new production system control concept based on closing a feedback loop between a production planning system and a digital twin of the physical production system. The digital twin keeps up-to-date information about the current state of the physical production system and it is combined with the production planner utilizing artificial intelligence methods. Production recipes and concrete process instantiations are planned for each production order on-the-fly, based on the production system state retrieved form the digital twin. This approach provides a high exibility in terms of ability to add and to remove products as well as production resources. It also enables error recovery by re-planning the production if some failure happens. The proposed approach is tested and evaluated on an internally hosted Industry 4.0 testbed, which confirms its effciency and exibility.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{gemeinhardt,

title = {Towards Model-Driven Quantum Software Engineering},

author = {Felix Gemeinhardt and Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://epub.jku.at/obvulioa/download/pdf/5894932?originalFilename=true

10.1109/Q-SE52541.2021.00010},

doi = {10.1109/Q-SE52541.2021.00010},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-10},

urldate = {2021-04-10},

booktitle = {Second International Workshop on Quantum Software Engineering (Q-SE 2021) co-located with ICSE 2021, April 9-11, Qingdoa, China, virtual event},

pages = {3},

publisher = {IEEE/ACM},

abstract = {Quantum technologies are emerging. Dedicated languages for programming Quantum machines are emerging as well and already used in different settings. Orthogonal to this development, Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) is explored to ease the development of software systems by applying modeling techniques such as Domain-Specific Modeling Languages and generative techniques such as code generation. 

 

In this position paper, we argue for a dedicated research line which deals with the exploration of how MDE may be applied for Quantum technologies. This combination would allow to speed-up the development of Quantum software, open the door for domain experts to utilize Quantum technologies, and may provide an additional abstraction layer over existing Quantum hardware architectures and programming languages. We outline several research challenges which we derived from a demonstration case of how to exploit domain-specific modeling for social network analysis on Quantum technologies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021g,

title = {Behavioral Interfaces for Executable DSLs},

author = {Dorian Leroy and Erwan Bousse and Manuel Wimmer and Benoit Combemale and Tanja Mayerhofer and Wieland Schwinger},

editor = {Anne Koziolek and Ina Schaefer and Christoph Seidl},

doi = {10.18420/SE2021_25},

isbn = {978-3-88579-704-3},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-18},

urldate = {2021-02-18},

booktitle = {Software Engineering 2021, Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, February 22-26, Braunschweig, Deutschland, virtual event},

volume = {P310},

pages = {73-74},

publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},

abstract = {A large amount of domain-specific languages (DSLs) are used to represent behavioral aspects of systems in the form of behavioral models [BCW17]. Executable domain-specific languages (xDSLs) enable the execution of behavioral models [Ma13]. While an execution is mostly driven by the model’s content (e.g., control structures, conditionals, transitions,method calls), many use cases require interacting with the running model, such as simulating scenarios in an automated or interactive way or coupling system models with environment models. The management of these interactions is usually hard-coded into the semantics of xDSLs, which prevents its reuse for other xDSLs and the provision of generic interaction tools. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel metalanguage for complementing the definition ofxDSLs with explicit behavioral interfaces to enable external tools to interact with executable models in a unified way. A behavioral interface defines a set of events specifying how external tools can interact with models that conform to xDSLs implementing the interface.Additionally, we define two types of relationships involving behavioral interfaces the implementation relationship and the subtyping relationship. An implementation relationship ties a behavioral interface to a given operational semantics implementation. Subtyping relationships allow to build event abstraction hierarchies, indicating that events from one interface can be abstracted or refined as events from another interface.},

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}

@inproceedings{wimmer2021cb,

title = {Workshop on Software Engineering in Cyber-Physical Production Systems (SECPPS’21)},

author = {Rick Rabiser and Birgit Vogel-Heuser and Manuel Wimmer and Alois Zoitl},

editor = {Anne Koziolek and Ina Schaefer and Christoph Seidl},

doi = {10.18420/SE2021_53},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-18},

urldate = {2021-02-18},

booktitle = {Software Engineering 2021, Fachtagung des GT-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, Workshop am Software Engineering in Cyber-Physical Production Systems (SECPPS’21), February 22-26, Bonn, Germany, virtual event},

volume = {P310},

pages = {133-134},

publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},

abstract = {This workshop focuses on Software Engineering in Cyber-Physical Production Systems. Itis an interactive workshop opened by keynotes and statements by participants, followed by extensive discussions in break-out groups. The output of the workshop is a research roadmap as well as concrete networking activities to further establish a community in this interdisciplinary field.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wimmer21,

title = {From Model Versioning to Variability-Augmented Modelling Technologies},

author = {Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Paul Grünbacher and Christoph Seidl and Deepak Dhungana and Helena Lovasz-Bukvova},

doi = {10.1145/3442391.3442394},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-12},

urldate = {2021-02-12},

booktitle = {VAMOS 2021, 15th International Working Conference on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems, February 9-11, Krems, Austria, virtual event},

pages = {2:1},

publisher = {ACM},

abstract = {Version control systems are an essential part of the software development infrastructure. While traditional systems mostly focus on code-based artefacts, recent trends such as Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) require to support model-based artefacts as well – especially in interdisciplinary settings. As a consequence, several dedicated approaches for model versioning have been proposed recently. In this talk, I will review the active research field of model versioning, establish a common terminology, introduce the various techniques and technologies applied in current model versioning systems, and conclude with open issues and challenges such as the need for variability-augmented modelling technologies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Rossi21,

title = {Leveraging Multi-Level Modeling for Multi-Domain Quality Assessment},

author = {Maria Teresa Rossi and Martina Dal Molin and Ludovico Iovino and Martina De Sanctis and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/models-c/2021/248400a546/1zutEepNq3m},

doi = {10.1109/MODELS-C53483.2021.00085},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

booktitle = {International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems Companion, MODELS Companion 2021},

pages = {546-555},

abstract = {Quality Evaluation Systems (QESs) are a class of software systems which receive evaluation requests and quality requirement specifications as inputs and produce results as outputs of an assessment process. This class of systems usually work with a quality model including quality definitions and metrics, and produce the output as a quantitative evaluation of a subject. QESs can be implemented using model-driven techniques and dedicated languages, for domain-specific evaluation of different subjects. However, applying traditional two-level metamodeling techniques for this scenario entails that every time a QES is required, a new modeling framework, with consequent engine for interpreting the newly defined models, must be re-developed from scratch. To overcome this repetitive process, in this paper, we propose a Multi-Level Modeling (MLM) approach for realizing the artifacts involved in the development phase of a QES which are reusable across multiple domains. We demonstrate the approach with running examples from three different application domains comprising different evaluation scenarios.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2020c,

title = {Automated Variability Injection for Graphical Modelling Languages},

author = {Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer and Esther Guerra and Elena Gómez-Martínez and Juan Lara},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3425898.3426957},

doi = {10.1145/3425898.3426957},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-15},

urldate = {2020-12-15},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Generative Programming, Concepts and Experiences (GPCE 2020), November 16–17, 2020, Chicago, USA, Virtual},

pages = {15-21},

publisher = {ACM},

abstract = {Model-based development approaches, such as Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), heavily rely on the use of modelling languages to achieve and automate software development tasks. To enable the definition of model variants (e.g., supporting the compact description of system families), one solution is to combine MDE with Software Product Lines. However, this is technically costly as it requires adapting many MDE artefacts associated to the modelling language – especially the meta-models and graphical environments. To alleviate this situation, we propose a method for the automated injection of variability into graphical modelling languages. Given the meta-model and graphical environment of a particular language, our approach permits configuring the allowed model variability, and the graphical environment is automatically adapted to enable creating models with variability. Our solution is implemented atop the Eclipse Modeling Framework and Sirius, and synthesizes adapted graphical editors integrated with Feature IDE.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{BorkGW20,

title = {Towards a Multi-Objective Modularization Approach for Entity-Relationship Models},

author = {Dominik Bork and Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Judith Michael and Victoria Torres},

url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2716/paper4.pdf},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-11-05},

booktitle = {Forum, Demo and Posters 2020 co-located with 39th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling ER 2020, Vienna, Austria, November 3-6, 2020},

volume = {2716},

pages = {45-58},

publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},

abstract = {Legacy systems and their associated data models often evolve into large, monolithic artifacts. This threatens comprehensibility and maintainability by human beings. Breaking down a monolith into a modular structure is an established technique in software engineering. Several previous works aimed to adapt modularization also for conceptual data models. However, we currently see a research gap manifested in the absence of:(i)a flexible and extensible modularization concept for Entity Relationship (ER) models; (ii )of openly available tool support; and (iii) empirical evaluation. With this paper, we introduce a generic encoding of a modularization concept for ER models which enables the use of meta-heuristic search approaches. For the efficient application we introduce the ModulER tool. Eventually, we report on a twofold evaluation: First, we demonstrate feasibility and performance of the approach by two demonstration cases. Second, we report on an initial empirical experiment and a survey we conducted with modelers to compare automated modularizations with manually created ones and to better understand how humans approach ER modularization.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Horvath0W20,

title = {Towards the next generation of reactive model transformations on low-code platforms: three research lines},

author = {Benedek Horváth and Ákos Hováth and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Esther Guerra and Ludovico Iovino},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3417990.3420199},

doi = {10.1145/3417990.3420199},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-29},

booktitle = {23rd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, Virtual Event, Canada, 16-23 October, 2020, Companion Proceedings},

pages = {65:1-65:10},

publisher = {ACM},

abstract = {Low-Code Development Platforms have emerged as the next-generation, cloud-enabled collaborative platforms. These platforms adopt the principles of Model-Driven Engineering, where models are used as first-class citizens to build complex systems, and model transformations are employed to keep a consistent view between the different aspects of them. Due to the online nature of low-code platforms, users expect them to be responsive, to complete complex operations in a short time. To support such complex collaboration scenarios, the next-generation of low-code platforms must (𝑖) offer a multi-tenant environment to manage the collaborative work of engineers, (𝑖𝑖) provide a model processing paradigm scaling up to hundreds of millions of elements, and (𝑖𝑖𝑖) provide engineers a set of selection criteria to choose the right model transformation engine in multi-tenant execution environments.In this paper, we outline three research lines to improve the performance of reactive model Transformations on low-code platforms, by motivating our research with a case study from a systems engineering domain.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{ColantoniBW20,

title = {DevOpsML: Towards Modeling DevOps Processes and Platforms},

author = {Alessandro Colantoni and Luca Berardinelli and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Esther Guerra and Ludovico Iovino},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3417990.3420203},

doi = {10.1145/3417990.3420203},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-29},

booktitle = {23rd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, Virtual Event, Canada, 16-23 October, 2020, Companion Proceedings},

pages = {69:1 - 69:10},

publisher = {ACM},

abstract = {DevOps and Model Driven Engineering (MDE) provide differently skilled IT stakeholders with methodologies and tools for organizing and automating continuous software engineering activities–from development to operations, and using models as key engineering artifacts, respectively. Both DevOps and MDE aim at shortening the development life-cycle, dealing with complexity, and improve software process and product quality. The integration of DevOps and MDE principles and practices in low-code engineering platforms (LCEP) are gaining attention by the research community. However, at the same time, new requirements are upcoming for DevOps and MDE as LCEPs are often used by non-technical users, to deliver fully functional software. This is in particular challenging for current DevOps processes, which are mostly considered on the technological level, and thus, excluding most of the current LCEP users. The systematic use of models and modeling to lowering the learning curve of DevOps processes and platforms seems beneficial to make them also accessible for non-technical users. In this paper, we introduce DevOpsML, a conceptual framework for modeling and combining DevOps processes and platforms. Tools along with their interfaces and capabilities are the building blocks of DevOps platform configurations, which can be mapped to software engineering processes of arbitrary complexity. We show our initial endeavors on DevOpsML and present a research roadmap how to employ the resulting DevOpsML framework for different use cases.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{BordeleauCEBW20,

title = {Towards Model-Driven Digital Twin Engineering: Current Opportunities and Future Challenges},

author = {Francis Bordeleau and Benoit Combemale and Romina Eramo and Mark Brand and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Önder Babur and Joachim Enil and Birgit Vogel-Heuser},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58167-1_4},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-58167-1_4},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-22},

booktitle = {Systems Modelling and Management - First International Conference, ICSMM 2020, Bergen, Norway, June 25-26, 2020, Proceedings},

volume = {1262},

pages = {43-54},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {Digital Twins have emerged since the beginning of this millennium to better support the management of systems based on (real-time) data collected in different parts of the operating systems. Digital Twins have been successfully used in many application domains, and thus, are considered as an important aspect of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE). However, their development , maintenance, and evolution still face major challenges, in particular: (i) the management of heterogeneous models from different disciplines, (ii) the bi-directional synchronization of digital twins and the actual systems, and (iii) the support for collaborative development throughout the complete life-cycle. In the last decades, the Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) community has investigated these challenges in the context of software systems. Now the question arises, which results may be applicable for digital twin engineering as well. In this paper, we identify various MDE techniques and technologies which may contribute to tackle the three mentioned digital twin challenges as well as outline a set of open MDE research challenges that need to be addressed in order to move towards a digital twin engineering discipline.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{LehnerWMW20,

title = {Towards a Reference Architecture for Leveraging Model Repositories for Digital Twins},

author = {Daniel Lehner and Sabine Wolny and Alexandra Mazak-Huemer and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA46521.2020.9212109},

doi = {10.1109/ETFA46521.2020.9212109},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-15},

booktitle = {25th (IEEE) International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2020, Vienna, Austria, September 8-11, 2020},

pages = {1077-1080},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {In the area of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), the degree of complexity continuously increases mainly due to new key-enabling technologies supporting those systems. One way to deal with this increasing complexity is to create a digital representation of such systems, a so-called Digital Twin (DT), which virtually acts in parallel ideally across the entire life-cycle of a CPS. For this purpose, the DT uses simulated or real-time data to mimic operations, control, and may modify the CPS’s behaviour at runtime. However, building such DTs from scratch is not trivial, mainly due to the integration needed to deal with heterogeneous systems residing in different technological spaces. In order to tackle this challenge, Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) allows to logically model a CPS with its physical components. Usually, in MDE such “logical models” are created at design time which keep them detached from the deployed system during runtime. Instead of building bilateral solutions between each runtime environment and every engineering tool, a dedicated integration layer is needed which can deal with both, design and runtime aspects. Therefore, we present a reference architecture that allows on the one side to query data from model repositories to enrich the running system with design-time knowledge, and on the other side, to be able to reasoning about system states at runtime in design-time models. We introduce a model repository query and management engine as mediator and show its feasibility by a demonstration case.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{GarmendiaWMGL20,

title = {Modelling Production System Families with AutomationML},

author = {Antonio Garmendia and Manuel Wimmer and Alexandra Mazak-Huemer and Esther Guerra and Juan Lara},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA46521.2020.9211894},

doi = {10.1109/ETFA46521.2020.9211894},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-15},

booktitle = {25th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2020, Vienna, Austria, September 8-11, 2020},

pages = {1057-1060},

publisher = {IEEE},

abstract = {The description of families of production systems usually relies on the use of variability modelling. This aspect of modelling is gaining increasing interest with the emergence of Industry 4.0 to facilitate the product development as new requirements appear. As a consequence, there are several emerging modelling techniques able to apply variability in different domains. In this paper, we introduce an approach to establish product system families in AutomationML. Our approach is based on the definition of feature models describing the variability space, and on the assignment of presence conditions to AutomationML model elements. These conditions (de-)select the model elements depending on the chosen configuration. This way, it is possible to model a large set of model variants in a compact way using one single model. To realize our approach, we started from an existing EMF-based AutomationML workbench providing graphical modelling support. From these artifacts,we synthesized an extended graphical modelling editor with variability support, integrated with FeatureIDE. Furthermore, we validated our approach by creating and managing a production system family encompassing six scenarios of the Pick and Place Unit Industry 4.0 demonstrator.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2020e,

title = {A Graphical Toolkit for IEC 62264-2},

author = {Laurens Lang and Bernhard Wally and Christian Huemer and Radek Sindelar and Alexandra Mazak-Huemer and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Robert X. Gao and Kornel Ehmann},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2020.03.049},

doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.03.049},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-22},

booktitle = {53rd CIRP Conference on Manufactoring Systems 2020, July 1-3, 2020, Chicago, USA},

journal = {Procedia CIRP},

volume = {93},

pages = {532-537},

abstract = {Among the plethora of industrial standards available in the context of smart manufacturing, one series of standards is consistently being mentioned for dealing with manufacturing operations management: IEC 62264. Its second part provides a conceptual model for the description of production systems and their capabilities, including runtime information such as concrete maintenance schedules or achieved production goals. In this work, we present a concrete graphical syntax and toolkit for the creation and presentation of IEC 62264-2 compliant models, using techniques from model-driven (software) engineering. We have evaluated our tool by conducting a user study for assessing its usability and effectiveness.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{SanctisIRW20,

title = {A Flexible Architecture for Key Performance Indicators Assessment in Smart Cities},

author = {Martina De Sanctis and Ludovico Iovino and Maria Teresa Rossi and Manuel Wimmer},

editor = {Anton Jansen and Ivano Malavolta and Henry Muccini and Olaf Zimmermann},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58923-3_8},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-58923-3_8},

isbn = {978-3-030-58922-6},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-19},

booktitle = {Software Architecture for Key Performance Indicators Assessment in Smart Cities},

volume = {12292},

pages = {118-135},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {The concept of smart and sustainable city has been on the agenda for the last decade. Smart governance is about the use of innovation for supporting enhanced decision making and planning to make a city smart, by leveraging on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) as procedural tools. However, developing processes and instruments able to evaluate smart cities is still a challenging task, due to the rigidity showed by the existing frameworks in the definition of KPIs and modeling of the subjects to be evaluated. Web-based platforms, spreadsheets or even Cloud-based applications offer limited flexibility, if the stakeholder is interested not only in using but also in defining the pieces of the puzzle to be composed. In this paper we present a flexible architecture supporting a model-driven approach for the KPIs assessment in smart cities. It identifies both required and optional components and functionalities needed for realizing the automatic KPIs assessment, while showing flexibility points allowing for different specification of the architecture, thus of the overall methodology.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Wally2020bb,

title = {The Digital Twin as a Core Component for Industry 4.0 Smart Production Planning},

author = {Petr Novak and Jiri Vyskocil and Bernhard Wally},

url = {http://ifatwww.et.uni-magdeburg.de/ifac2020/media/pdfs/3228.pdf

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896320336314},

doi = {10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.2865},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-17},

urldate = {2020-07-17},

booktitle = {21st IFAC World Congress, July 11-17, 2020, Berlin, Germany, virtual},

abstract = {Production systems that adhere the Industry 4.0 vision require new ways of control and integration of individual components, such as robots, transportation system shuttles or mobile platforms. This paper proposes a new production system control concept based on closing a feedback loop between a production planning system and a digital twin of the physical production system. The digital twin keeps up-to-date information about the current state of the physical production system and it is combined with the production planner utilizing artificial intelligence methods. Production recipes and concrete process instantiations are planned for each production order on-the-fly, based on the production system state retrieved form the digital twin. This approach provides a high exibility in terms of ability to add and to remove products as well as production resources. It also enables error recovery by re-planning the production if some failure happens. The proposed approach is tested and evaluated on an internally hosted Industry 4.0 testbed, which confirms its effciency and exibility.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2020g,

title = {Modeling Smart Cities},

author = {Ludovico Iovino and Manuel Wimmer and Juri Di Rocco},

url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2707/moscpreface.pdf},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-01},

booktitle = {STAF 2020 Workshop Proceedings: 4th Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for the Internet-of-Things, co-located with Software Technologies: Applications and Foundations federation of conferences (STAF 2020) Bergen, Norway, June 22-26, 2020.},

volume = {2707},

pages = {3},

abstract = {Making a city ”smart” is an emerging strategy to mitigate the problems generated by the urban population growth and rapid urbanization. Each city models the technological, organizational and policy aspects of that city, and for this reason a smart city is an interplay among technological, organizational and policy innovation. The complexity of inter actions not only in hardware and software involved, but also in the actors and processes interplay, makes the availability of systematic design processes a must.Model Driven Engineering (MDE) improves coordination between the various stakeholders, resulting in the qualitative production of software and other artifacts involved. MDE has been successfully used in businesses with a need for complex and error-proof software, such as companies operating in the high tech industry. Integrating MDE approaches in Smart City design processes may lead to more robust solutions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{wimmer2020f,

title = {Model-Driven Engineering for the Internet-of-Things},

author = {Federico Ciccozzi and Nikolas Ferry and Sebastian Mosser and Amor Solberg and Manuel Wimmer},

url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2707/mde4iotpreface.pdf},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-06-30},

booktitle = {STAF 2020 Workshop Proceedings: 4th Workshop on Model-Driven Engineering for the Internet-of-Things, co-located with Software Technologies: Applications and Foundations federation of conferences (STAF 2020) Bergen, Norway, June 22-26, 2020.},

volume = {2707},

pages = {3},

abstract = {A recent forecast from the International Data Corporation (IDC) envi-sions that 41 billion Internet-of-Things (IoT) endpoints will be in use by20251, representing great business opportunities. The next generation IoTsystems needs to perform distributed processing and coordinated behavioracross IoT, edge and cloud infrastructures, manage the closed loop fromsensing to actuation, and cope with vast heterogeneity, scalability and dy-namicity of IoT systems and their environments.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}